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Systematic and Applied Acarology
Systematic and Applied Acarology Society
ISSN: 1362-1971
Vol. 3, 1998, pp. pp. 19-28 		Bioline Code: aa98003
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Systematic and Applied Acarology, Vol. 3, 1998, pp. pp. 19-28

 en A review on the use of Ixodiphagus check for this species in other resources wasps (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) as natural enemies for the control of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae)
Renjie Hu; K. E. Hyland & J. H. Oliver, Jr.

Abstract

Ixodiphagus check for this species in other resources wasps (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) have been known as parasitoids of ticks since the beginning of the 20th Century. Currently, there are seven recognized species: Ixodiphagus texanus check for this species in other resources Howard, Ixodiphagus hookeri check for this species in other resources (Howard), Ixodiphagus mysorensis check for this species in other resources Mani, Ixodiphagus hirtus check for this species in other resources Nikolskaya, Ixodiphagus theilerae check for this species in other resources (Fielder), Ixodiphagus biroi check for this species in other resources Erdos, and Ixodiphagus sagarensis check for this species in other resources (Geevarghese). These wasps have been found parasitizing ticks belonging to the genera Ornithodoros check for this species in other resources , Amblyomma check for this species in other resources , Dermacentor check for this species in other resources , Hyalomma check for this species in other resources , Haemaphysalis check for this species in other resources , Ixodes check for this species in other resources , and Rhipicephalus check for this species in other resources . Parasitism by wasp parasitoids results in direct mortality of the tick hosts and appears to have potential for controlling them. This article reviews the taxonomy, life cycle, seasonality, host range and geographical distribution of these wasps, and their potential application to tick control.

Keywords
Ixodiphagus, tick, wasp, parasitoid, natural enemy, biological control

 
© 1998 Systematic and Applied Acarology Society (SAAS)

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