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Agricultura Técnica
Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA
ISSN: 0365-2807
EISSN: 0365-2807
Vol. 67, No. 2, 2007, pp. 126-138
Bioline Code: at07015
Full paper language: Spanish
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Agricultura Técnica, Vol. 67, No. 2, 2007, pp. 126-138

 en Environmental risk assessment of the insecticide metamidophos in bioassays with four non-target aquatic organisms
Iannacone, José O.; Onofre, Roxana C.; Huanqui, Olga S.; Giraldo, Jorge A.; Mamani, Nancy P.; Miglio, Maria C. T. & Alvariño, Lorena F.

Abstract

The aim of this research was to evaluate the ecotoxicological effect of methamidophos using two formulations of different toxicological class [Monofos®, class Ia (extremely dangerous) and Tamaron®, class Ib (highly dangerous)] on four non-target aquatic organisms: bloodworm Chironomus calligraphus check for this species in other resources (Goeldi, 1905) (Diptera: Chironomidae), black sea urchin Tetrapygus niger check for this species in other resources Molina, 1782(Echinodermata: Arbaciidae), neon tetra Paracheirodon innesi check for this species in other resources (Rabout, 1940) (Osteichthyes: Characidae); and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss check for this species in other resources (Walbaum, 1792) (Osteichthyes: Salmonidae). Both methamidophos formulations evidenced a high risk effect on the aquatic environment, finding effects on larvae of C. calligraphus (Class Ia, LC50 at 48 h = 1.32 mg a.i. L-1 and Class Ib, LC50 at 48 h = 4.5 mg a.i. L-1), on fertilization of T. niger (Class Ia, IC50 at 1 h = 1423 mg a.i. L-1 and Class Ib, IC50 at 1 h = 608 mg a.i. L-1), on P. innesi (Class Ia, LC50 at 96 h = 20.56 mg a.i. L-1 and Class Ib, LC50 at 96 h = 10.13 mg a.i. L-1) and O. mykiss (Class Ib, LC50 at 96 h = 19.12 mg a.i. L-1). The sequence of sensibility to methamidophos in both formulations was: C. calligraphus > O. mykiss ≈ P. innesi > T. niger.In addition, two sublethal effects were evaluated on P. innesi, immobilization and strange swimming, and finally an increment of opercular movement in O. mykiss. Risk quotients (RQ) indicated in all cases a high risk of methamidophos towards the aquatic environments.

Keywords
Chironomus calligraphus, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Paracheirodon innesi, Tetrapygus niger, ecotoxicology, methamidophos,

 
 es Evaluación del riesgo ambiental del insecticida metamidofos en bioensayos con cuatro organismos acuáticos no destinatarios
Iannacone, José O.; Onofre, Roxana C.; Huanqui, Olga S.; Giraldo, Jorge A.; Mamani, Nancy P.; Miglio, Maria C. T. & Alvariño, Lorena F.

Resumen

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto ecotoxicológico del metamidofos, en dos formulaciones de diferente categoría toxicológica [Monofos®, categoría Ia (extremadamente peligroso) y Tamaron®, categoría Ib (altamente peligroso)] sobre cuatro organismos acuáticos no destinatarios: la lombriz roja Chironomus calligraphus check for this species in other resources (Goeldi, 1905) (Diptera:Chironomidae), el erizo negro Tetrapygus niger check for this species in other resources Molina, 1782(Echinodermata: Arbaciidae), el neón tetra Paracheirodon innesi check for this species in other resources (Rabout, 1940) (Osteichthyes: Characidae) y la trucha Oncorhynchus mykiss check for this species in other resources (Walbaum, 1792) (Osteichthyes: Salmonidae). Ambas formulaciones del metamidofos provocaron un alto riesgo sobre el ambiente acuático, al encontrarse efectos sobre las larvas de C. calligraphus (Clase Ia, CL50 a 48 h = 1,32 mg i.a. L-1 y Clase Ib, CL50 a 48 h = 4,5 mg i.a. L-1), sobre la fertilización de T. niger (Class Ia, CI50 a 1 h = 1423 mg i.a. L-1 y Clase Ib, CI50 a 1 h = 608 mg i.a. L-1),en P. innesi (Clase Ia, CL50 a 96 h = 20,56 mg i.a. L-1 y Clase Ib, CL50 a 96 h = 10,13 mg i.a. L-1) y en O. mykiss (Clase Ib, CL50 a 96 h = 19,12 mg i.a. L-1). La secuencia de sensibilidad al metamidofos en ambas formulaciones fue: C. calligraphus > O. mykiss ≈ P. innesi > T. niger.En adición, se evaluaron dos efectos subletales en P. innesi, inmovilización y nado extraño, y finalmente, incremento de movimiento opercular en O. mykiss. Los cuocientes de riesgo (CR) indicaron en todos los casos un alto riesgo del metamidofos en el ambiente acuático.

Palabras-clave
Chironomus calligraphus, ecotoxicología, metamidofos, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Paracheirodon innesi, Tetrapygus niger

 
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