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Agricultura Técnica
Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA
ISSN: 0365-2807
EISSN: 0365-2807
Vol. 67, No. 2, 2007, pp. 126-138
Bioline Code: at07015
Full paper language: Spanish
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Agricultura Técnica, Vol. 67, No. 2, 2007, pp. 126-138

 es Evaluación del riesgo ambiental del insecticida metamidofos en bioensayos con cuatro organismos acuáticos no destinatarios
Iannacone, José O.; Onofre, Roxana C.; Huanqui, Olga S.; Giraldo, Jorge A.; Mamani, Nancy P.; Miglio, Maria C. T. & Alvariño, Lorena F.

Resumen

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto ecotoxicológico del metamidofos, en dos formulaciones de diferente categoría toxicológica [Monofos®, categoría Ia (extremadamente peligroso) y Tamaron®, categoría Ib (altamente peligroso)] sobre cuatro organismos acuáticos no destinatarios: la lombriz roja Chironomus calligraphus check for this species in other resources (Goeldi, 1905) (Diptera:Chironomidae), el erizo negro Tetrapygus niger check for this species in other resources Molina, 1782(Echinodermata: Arbaciidae), el neón tetra Paracheirodon innesi check for this species in other resources (Rabout, 1940) (Osteichthyes: Characidae) y la trucha Oncorhynchus mykiss check for this species in other resources (Walbaum, 1792) (Osteichthyes: Salmonidae). Ambas formulaciones del metamidofos provocaron un alto riesgo sobre el ambiente acuático, al encontrarse efectos sobre las larvas de C. calligraphus (Clase Ia, CL50 a 48 h = 1,32 mg i.a. L-1 y Clase Ib, CL50 a 48 h = 4,5 mg i.a. L-1), sobre la fertilización de T. niger (Class Ia, CI50 a 1 h = 1423 mg i.a. L-1 y Clase Ib, CI50 a 1 h = 608 mg i.a. L-1),en P. innesi (Clase Ia, CL50 a 96 h = 20,56 mg i.a. L-1 y Clase Ib, CL50 a 96 h = 10,13 mg i.a. L-1) y en O. mykiss (Clase Ib, CL50 a 96 h = 19,12 mg i.a. L-1). La secuencia de sensibilidad al metamidofos en ambas formulaciones fue: C. calligraphus > O. mykiss ≈ P. innesi > T. niger.En adición, se evaluaron dos efectos subletales en P. innesi, inmovilización y nado extraño, y finalmente, incremento de movimiento opercular en O. mykiss. Los cuocientes de riesgo (CR) indicaron en todos los casos un alto riesgo del metamidofos en el ambiente acuático.

Palabras-clave
Chironomus calligraphus, ecotoxicología, metamidofos, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Paracheirodon innesi, Tetrapygus niger

 
 en Environmental risk assessment of the insecticide metamidophos in bioassays with four non-target aquatic organisms
Iannacone, José O.; Onofre, Roxana C.; Huanqui, Olga S.; Giraldo, Jorge A.; Mamani, Nancy P.; Miglio, Maria C. T. & Alvariño, Lorena F.

Abstract

The aim of this research was to evaluate the ecotoxicological effect of methamidophos using two formulations of different toxicological class [Monofos®, class Ia (extremely dangerous) and Tamaron®, class Ib (highly dangerous)] on four non-target aquatic organisms: bloodworm Chironomus calligraphus check for this species in other resources (Goeldi, 1905) (Diptera: Chironomidae), black sea urchin Tetrapygus niger check for this species in other resources Molina, 1782(Echinodermata: Arbaciidae), neon tetra Paracheirodon innesi check for this species in other resources (Rabout, 1940) (Osteichthyes: Characidae); and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss check for this species in other resources (Walbaum, 1792) (Osteichthyes: Salmonidae). Both methamidophos formulations evidenced a high risk effect on the aquatic environment, finding effects on larvae of C. calligraphus (Class Ia, LC50 at 48 h = 1.32 mg a.i. L-1 and Class Ib, LC50 at 48 h = 4.5 mg a.i. L-1), on fertilization of T. niger (Class Ia, IC50 at 1 h = 1423 mg a.i. L-1 and Class Ib, IC50 at 1 h = 608 mg a.i. L-1), on P. innesi (Class Ia, LC50 at 96 h = 20.56 mg a.i. L-1 and Class Ib, LC50 at 96 h = 10.13 mg a.i. L-1) and O. mykiss (Class Ib, LC50 at 96 h = 19.12 mg a.i. L-1). The sequence of sensibility to methamidophos in both formulations was: C. calligraphus > O. mykiss ≈ P. innesi > T. niger.In addition, two sublethal effects were evaluated on P. innesi, immobilization and strange swimming, and finally an increment of opercular movement in O. mykiss. Risk quotients (RQ) indicated in all cases a high risk of methamidophos towards the aquatic environments.

Keywords
Chironomus calligraphus, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Paracheirodon innesi, Tetrapygus niger, ecotoxicology, methamidophos,

 
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