Anabiosis and conservation of microorganisms

A literature review is made about the applied methods for microorganisms preservation in the collection activity. Two groups of conservation methods are described - in hypobiotic and anabiotic states. The first group aims reducing to minimum the cell vital activity by storage under mineral oils, in water and water solutions, inactivation in dryers etc. The second group methods lead the microorganisms to an anabiotic state by means of freezing and low temperature storage and by freeze-drying (lyophilization). The main factors in the culture preparation before the conservation are analyzed. They affect the cell resistance and survival and include cultivation method, nutrient medium composition and pH, temperature regime, aeration, culture physiological state, cell concentration, protection, suspension equilibration etc. The influence of the factors and methods on the survival of different microorganism groups - actinomycetes, bacteria, yeasts and fungi, is considered