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Ciência Florestal
Centro de Pesquisas Florestais - CEPEF, Departamento de Ciências Florestais - DCFL, Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Florestal - PPGEF
ISSN: 0103-9954
EISSN: 0103-9954
Vol. 26, No. 1, 2016, pp. 47-58
Bioline Code: cf16005
Full paper language: Portuguese
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Ciência Florestal, Vol. 26, No. 1, 2016, pp. 47-58

 pt FUNGOS ASSOCIADOS ÀS SEMENTES DE Enterolobium contortisiliquum check for this species in other resources : ANÁLISE DA INCIDÊNCIA, CONTROLE E EFEITOS NA QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA COM O USO DE EXTRATOS VEGETAIS
Medeiros, José George Ferreira; Neto, Aderson Costa Araujo; Ursulino, Marina Matias; Nascimento, Luciana Cordeiro do & Alves, Edna Ursulino

Resumo

Os fungos são os principais micro-organismos associados às sementes, podendo causar danos, tanto na fase de campo, como também na pós-colheita e durante o armazenamento. Nesta última fase, a deterioração pode ocorrer pela ação específica de fungos, afetando a qualidade fisiológica das sementes. A utilização de extratos de plantas com propriedades antimicrobianas são alternativas ecológicas e promissoras para substituir a proteção promovida pela aplicação de fungicidas. Objetivou-se nesta pesquisa avaliar a eficiência dos extratos de Allamanda blanchetti check for this species in other resources e Momordica charantia check for this species in other resources nas concentrações de 10, 100, 500 e 1000 ppm sobre a micoflora e germinação em sementes de Enterolobium contortisiliquum. As sementes foram coletadas em diferentes municípios do estado da Paraíba (Areia, Arara, Conde e Sobrado). Os lotes foram submetidos a testes de sanidade e de germinação. A avaliação da incidência de fungos foi feita a partir da visualização dos fungos através do método de papel de filtro. Utilizaram-se no teste de sanidade 100 sementes por tratamento, as quais foram imersas em 20 mL dos extratos por cinco minutos, em seguida incubadas em placas de Petri sobre dupla camada de papel de filtro. No teste de germinação utilizaram-se 200 sementes, distribuídas em papel germitest e germinadas à temperatura de 30 ± 2°C. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado. Constatou-se nas sementes de Enterolobium contortisiliquum os fungos: Aspergillus niger check for this species in other resources , Aspergillus flavus check for this species in other resources , Rhizopus stolonifer check for this species in other resources , Penicillium check for this species in other resources , Curvularia lunata check for this species in other resources , Nigrospora check for this species in other resources sp. e ,Cladosporium sp. Os extratos de Allamanda blanchetti e Momordica charantia nas concentrações de 500 e 1000 ppm causaram redução da frequência dos fungos. O extrato de Momordica charantia nas concentrações de 500 e 1000 ppm proporcionou o aumento na germinação e primeira contagem, além de reduzir o percentual de sementes mortas.

Palavras-chave
patologia de sementes; controle alternativo; espécie florestal

 
 en FUNGI ASSOCIATED THE SEEDS OF Enterolobium contortisiliquum check for this species in other resources : ANALYSIS OF INCIDENCE, CONTROL AND EFFECTS ON PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY WITH THE USE OF PLANT EXTRACTS
Medeiros, José George Ferreira; Neto, Aderson Costa Araujo; Ursulino, Marina Matias; Nascimento, Luciana Cordeiro do & Alves, Edna Ursulino

Abstract

The fungi are main micro-organisms associated with seeds, may cause damages, both in the field but also post-harvest and during storage. In this last phase, deterioration can occur by the action of specific fungi, affecting their physiological quality. The use of plant extracts with antimicrobial properties are promising and environmentally friendly alternatives to replace the protection promoted by fungicide application. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of extracts of Allamanda blanchetti check for this species in other resources and Momordica charantia check for this species in other resources in concentrations of 10, 100, 500 and 1000 ppm on mycoflora and germination in seeds of Enterolobium contortisiliquum. Seeds were collected in different municipalities in the state of Paraiba (Areia, Arara, Conde and Sobrado). The lots were tested for germination and sanity. The evaluation of the incidence of fungus was made from the visualization of fungi by the method of incubation blotter test. Was used the health test 100 seeds per treatment which were immersed in 20 mL of extracts for five minutes, incubated in then Petri dishes on double layer of filter paper. 200 seeds were used in the germination test, with four replications of 25 seeds per treatment, divided into germitest paper and germinated at temperatures of 30 ± 2°C. The experimental design was completely randomized. It was found in the seeds of Enterolobium contortisiliquum the following fungi: Aspergillus niger check for this species in other resources , Aspergillus flavus check for this species in other resources , Rhizopus stolonifer check for this species in other resources , Penicillium check for this species in other resources sp., Curvularia lunata check for this species in other resources , Nigrospora check for this species in other resources sp. and Cladosporium check for this species in other resources sp. The extracts of Allamanda blanchetti and Momordica charantia at concentrations of 500 and 1000 ppm caused a reduction in the frequency of fungi. The extract of Momordica charantia at concentrations of 500 and 1000 ppm provided an increase in germination and first count, and reduce the percentage of dead seeds.

Keywords
seed pathology; alternative control; forest species

 
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