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Revista Científica UDO Agrícola
Universidad de Oriente Press
ISSN: 1317-9152
Vol. 9, No. 1, 2009, pp. 158-165
Bioline Code: cg09022
Full paper language: Spanish
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Revista Científica UDO Agrícola, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2009, pp. 158-165

 es Micobiota del suelo asociada al cultivo del plátano (Musa AAB cv. Hartón) en bosque seco tropical del Sur del Lago de Maracaibo, Venezuela
Pineda, Maryori; Pineda, Daniel; Labarca, Johanna; Ulacio, Dilcia; Paredes, Claudia & Casassa Padrón, Ana María

Resumen

Con el fin de identificar la micobiota existente en plantaciones de plátano del bosque seco tropical del sur del lago de Maracaibo, estado Zulia, Venezuela; se analizó suelo adyacente a plantas en estado fenológico de pre-floración, procedentes de los sectores: El Canal, Santa Rosa, El Chivo, Las Rurales, Mata de Coco, El Paraíso, Dos Morales, Km. 18, Puerto Concha y Janeiro. El análisis se realizó aplicando la técnica de dilución del suelo hasta obtener una concentración de 10-3, que fue sembrada con tres repeticiones en platos Petri con agar-agua. Una vez desarrolladas las colonias, se observaron y contabilizaron las unidades formadoras de colonias (UFC) de hongos por plato Petri. Los hongos se aislaron en papa dextrosa agar, a fin de obtener el cultivo puro para su posterior identificación. De la muestra de suelo colectados, se obtuvieron 19 aislados identificados como Aspergillus check for this species in other resources sp., Beauveria check for this species in other resources sp., Cladosporium check for this species in other resources sp., Colletotrichum check for this species in other resources sp., Penicillium check for this species in other resources sp., Sclerotium check for this species in other resources sp., Tilletiopsis check for this species in other resources sp., y Trichoderma check for this species in other resources sp. La cuantificación de UFC de hongos por sector, determinó que el sector "El Canal" fue la plantación con mayor biodiversidad. Entre los hongos aislados se identificaron tres géneros considerados como potenciales antagonistas Beauveria sp., Tilletiopsis sp., y Trichoderma harzianum check for this species in other resources . Ningún hongo aislado resultó ser patógeno del cultivo de plátano. Se concluye que la biodiversidad existente dentro de la zona evaluada es numerosa. A pesar de las condiciones de bosque seco, estos resultados pueden ser explicados por el criterio de selección de muestreo de unidades de producción no tecnificadas. Los géneros de hongos considerados potenciales antagonistas podrían ser empleados como posibles controladores biológicos de las principales plagas que afectan el cultivo de plátano.

Palabras-clave
Micobiota del plátano, bosque seco tropical, sur del lago de Maracaibo, antagonista

 
 en Soil mycobiota associated to plantain cultivation (Musa AAB cv. Hartón) in tropical dry forest in the south zone of Maracaibo Lake, Venezuela
Pineda, Maryori; Pineda, Daniel; Labarca, Johanna; Ulacio, Dilcia; Paredes, Claudia & Casassa Padrón, Ana María

Abstract

With the purpose of identifying the micobiotic existence in plantations of plantain in a dry tropical forest in the south zone of Maracaibo Lake, Zulia state, Venezuela; the soil close to the plants in phenological stage of pre flowering was analyzed, the soil samples came from: El Canal, Santa Rosa, El Chivo, Las Rurales, Mata de Coco, El Paraiso, Dos Morales, Km 18, Puerto Concha and Janeiro. The analysis was done by using the soil dilution method until a 10 -3 concentration was obtained; this last one was planted with three repetitions in Petri capsules with agar-water. Once the colonies were developed, the units of forming fungi colonies (UFC) by Petri capsule were observed and accounted. The funguses were isolated in potato dextrosa agar, with the purpose of obtaining pure culture for its identification. From the soil samples, 19 isolates were collected and identified as: Aspergillus check for this species in other resources sp., Beauveria check for this species in other resources sp., Cladosporium check for this species in other resources sp., Colletotrichum check for this species in other resources sp., Penicillium check for this species in other resources sp., Sclerotium check for this species in other resources sp., Tilletiopsis check for this species in other resources sp., and Trichoderma check for this species in other resources sp.; the quantification of UFC of fungus determined that the place, El Canal, was the one with more biodiversity comparing to other sectors. Among the isolated funguses were identified three genders Beauveria sp., Tilletiopsis sp., and Trichoderma harzianum check for this species in other resources , which are considered as potential antagonist. It was concluded that within the tested zone, the existent biodiversity is numerous, in spite of counting with dry forest conditions, this can be the result of the sample selection criteria of non technical cropping systems and none of isolated funguses within the investigation presented pathological qualities to the plantain cultivation. The genders of funguses considered as potential antagonist could be used as possible biological control agents of main pests that affect plantain crops.

Keywords
Plantain mycobiota, tropical dry forest, south zone of Maracaibo Lake, antagonist

 
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