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Revista Científica UDO Agrícola
Universidad de Oriente Press
ISSN: 1317-9152
Vol. 9, No. 1, 2009, pp. 166-174
Bioline Code: cg09023
Full paper language: Spanish
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Revista Científica UDO Agrícola, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2009, pp. 166-174

 es Micobiota endófita asociada a estadios preflorales del guayabo ( Psidium guajava check for this species in other resources L.) y al ácaro plano ( Brevipalpus phoenicis check for this species in other resources ) (Geijskes) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae)
Urdaneta, Lilia; Araujo, Deisy; Quirós, Magally; Rodríguez, Dorian; Colmenares, Ciolys; Poleo, Nedy; Petit, Yadira & Dorado, Idelma

Resumen

Los hongos endófitos (HE) son microorganismos que viven de manera no agresiva o asintomática dentro de los tejidos de ramas, tallos, frutos y flores. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar los HE y su frecuencia de aparición en 10 estadíos preflorales del guayabo, afectados o no por el ácaro fitófago Brevipalpus phoenicis check for this species in other resources . Desde diciembre de 2005 hasta junio de 2006, se muestrearon 50 yemas de cada uno de los estadíos preflorales provenientes de plantas ubicadas en el Centro Frutícola del Zulia - CORPOZULIA, municipio Mara del estado Zulia. Para el aislamiento e identificación de los HE, se sembraron en PDA yemas libres del ácaro B. phoenicis (T1) y con el ácaro (T2) se incubaron a 27 ± 2°C durante tres semanas. Todas las yemas presentaron colonización por HE. Se identificaron veintitrés especies de HE en 9 géneros. No hubo diferencias significativas entre T1 y T2, en cuanto al número de hongos aislados; los mismos se presentaron en yemas afectadas o no por el ácaro. La frecuencia de aparición de los HE varió de acuerdo al estadio prefloral. Entre los hongos aislados Colletotrichum gloeosporioides check for this species in other resources (21,88%), Penicillium check for this species in other resources sp. y Curvularia lunata check for this species in other resources (16,88%) resultaron ser los más frecuentes. Chaetomium globosum check for this species in other resources y Trichoderma check for this species in other resources sp. sólo se aislaron del estadio 9. Se detectaron especies causantes de enfermedades de importancia para este cultivo. Las yemas preflorales del guayabo son hospederas de un gran número de hongos endófitos y la invasión de éstos puede ocurrir con o sin la presencia del ácaro B. phoenicis.

Palabras-clave
Hongo endófito, yemas florales, guayabo, ácaro, Tenuipalpidae

 
 en Endophytic mycobiota associated to guava floral buds ( Psidium guajava check for this species in other resources L.) and to flat mite ( Brevipalpus phoenicis check for this species in other resources ) (Geijskes) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae)
Urdaneta, Lilia; Araujo, Deisy; Quirós, Magally; Rodríguez, Dorian; Colmenares, Ciolys; Poleo, Nedy; Petit, Yadira & Dorado, Idelma

Abstract

The endophytic mycobiota (EM) are non aggressive pathogenic microorganisms that live inside plant tissues, such as branches, stems, fruits, leaves and flowers. The objective of this research was to identify the EM and its frequency of appearance in ten prefloral stages of guava, which were or not affected by the phytophagous mite Brevipalpus phoenicis check for this species in other resources (Geijskes). From december 2005 to june 2006, fifty floral buds of each of the ten stages were harvested from plants grown at the experimental orchard of the Centro Frutícola del Zulia - CORPOZULIA, Mara Co. (10° 49' 98''LN and 71° 46' 33''LW) in Zulia State, Venezuela. Floral buds of each stage without mites (T1) and with mites (T2) were plated on PDA medium and incubated at 27° C±2°C during three weeks to isolate and identify the EM. One hundred percent of the floral stages were colonized by EM. Twenty three species of fungi in nine genera were identified. No significant differences were found between T1 and T2 with regard to the number of fungi isolated; EM was present with or without mites. The frequency of appearance of the EM depended on the floral stages. Among the fungi isolated, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides check for this species in other resources (21,88%), Penicillium check for this species in other resources sp. and Curvularia lunata check for this species in other resources (16,88%) were the most frequent ones. Chaetomium globosum check for this species in other resources and Trichoderma check for this species in other resources sp. were only isolated from stage 9. Important pathogenic species were found for this crop. Guava prefloral stages hosted a great amount of endophytic fungi, and their invasion may occur with or without the presence of B. phoenicis.

Keywords
Fungal endophytes, floral buds, guava, mites, Tenuipalpidae

 
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