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Revista Científica UDO Agrícola
Universidad de Oriente Press
ISSN: 1317-9152
Vol. 9, No. 1, 2009, pp. 182-190
Bioline Code: cg09025
Full paper language: Spanish
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Revista Científica UDO Agrícola, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2009, pp. 182-190

 es Efecto de tres extractos vegetales sobre la Sigatoka negra del plátano (Musa AAB cv. Hartón)
Vargas Hernández, José Luís; Rodríguez, Dorian; Sanabria, María Elena & Hernández, Julitt

Resumen

Para el control de la Sigatoka Negra en plátano se utiliza gran cantidad de agroquímicos, los cuales afectan la salud de los humanos, el ambiente y generan poblaciones resistentes del patógeno. Con la finalidad de buscar alternativas de manejo de la enfermedad, mas respetuosas con el medio ambiente y utilizables en una estrategia integrada, se evaluaron los extractos etanólicos (EE) de hojas de Heliotropium indicum check for this species in other resources , Lippia origanoides check for this species in other resources , Ricinus communis check for this species in other resources y las combinaciones H. indicum + L. origanoides, H. indicum + R. communis, L. origanoides + R. communis, H. indicum + L. origanoides + R. communis, comparados con dos testigos: benomilo (fungicida sistémico) y agua; asperjados sobre plantas de plátano "Hartón" de tres meses de edad, infectadas con inóculo natural, bajo un diseño de bloques al azar, con tres repeticiones, 12 plantas por unidad experimental evaluándose las cuatro centrales. Los EE fueron aplicados en dosis de 100 mL en 3500 mL de agua (2,86%) + 40 mL de aceite blanco. Se realizó una aplicación mensual, durante un período de cinco meses y seis evaluaciones, igualmente mensuales. Se evaluó la hoja más joven enferma (HMJE), incidencia y severidad de la enfermedad, número total de hojas (TH), ritmo de emisión foliar (REF) y promedio ponderado de infección (PPI). No se observaron diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos, sin embargo, se observó el menor valor de PPI con el EE de H. indicum + R. communis (0,29), seguido de R. communis (2,35), la mayor posición de HMJE (7,75) se obtuvo con H. indicum + R. communis, después de la cuarta aplicación. El mayor número de TH (11,92) se observó con H. indicum + L. origanoides + R. communis. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron el potencial antifúngico de los EE contra la Sigatoka Negra, especialmente la combinación de H. indicum + R. communis.

Palabras-clave
benomilo, control, Heliotropium indicum, Lippia origanoides, Mycosphaerella fijiensis, Ricinus communis

 
 en Effect of three plant extracts on plantain black sigatoka (Musa AAB cv Harton)
Vargas Hernández, José Luís; Rodríguez, Dorian; Sanabria, María Elena & Hernández, Julitt

Abstract

In order to control Black Sigatoka of plantain, a great deal of pesticides is used, which may affect human, environment, and induce pathogen resistance. To find an effective and environmentally sound alternative, leaf ethanolic extracts (EE) of Heliotropium indicum check for this species in other resources , Lippia origanoides check for this species in other resources , Ricinus communis check for this species in other resources and the mixtures of H. indicum + L. origanoides , H. indicum + R. communis, L. origanoides + R. communis, and H. indicum + L. origanoides + R. communis were evaluated and compared with two control treatments: benomil (systemic fungicide) and water. Treatments were sprayed on 3 months old plantain plants cv. "Harton", infected with natural inoculum, and placed in a random block design with three replicates, 12 plants per experimental unit of which the four central ones were evaluated. One hundred milliliters of EE were diluted in 3500 mL of water (2,86%) and added 40 mL of white oil. One application per month, during 5 months and six monthly evaluations were performed. The measured variables included the youngest diseased leaf (HMJE), disease incidence and severity, total number of leaves (TH), foliar emission rate (REF) and infection weighted mean (PPI). Non significant differences were found among treatments, however, the lowest PPI value was observed with H. indicum + R. communis EE (0,29), followed by R. communis (2,35), the highest HMJE position (7,75) was obtained with H. indicum + R. communis, after four treatment applications. The highest TH number (11,92) was observed with H. indicum + L. origanoides + R. communis. Results showed the anti-fungal potential of EE against Black Sigatoka, especially the H. indicum + R. communis mixture .

Keywords
benomil, control, Heliotropium indicum, Lippia origanoides, Mycosphaerella fijiensis, Ricinus communis

 
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