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Revista Científica UDO Agrícola
Universidad de Oriente Press
ISSN: 1317-9152
Vol. 12, No. 4, 2012, pp. 830-838
Bioline Code: cg12094
Full paper language: Spanish
Document type: Editorial
Document available free of charge

Revista Científica UDO Agrícola, Vol. 12, No. 4, 2012, pp. 830-838

 en Effect of biorrational products on the incidence of fungus and aflatoxins concentration in white corn grown in Sinaloa, Mexico
GARCÍA GUTIÉRREZ, Cipriano; LIZÁRRAGA SÁNCHEZ, Glenda Judith; ARMENTA BOJÓRQUEZ, Adolfo Dagoberto & APODACA SÁNCHEZ, Miguel Ángel

Abstract

In Sinaloa Mexico cob rot of maize is a disease that causes major losses to 30%. Recently it has been associated with the onset of insect pests as armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda check for this species in other resources (J.E Smith), with the subsequent invasion of fungi which together cause the disease. For this reason, we evaluated in field the effect of five biorracionales fungicides, Bacillus subtilis check for this species in other resources (Cohn), Trichoderma harzianum check for this species in other resources (Rifai), Beauveria bassiana check for this species in other resources (Balsamo), Glomus fasciculatum check for this species in other resources (Thaxter), potassium formononetin and salicylic acid on the incidence and severity of the disease, using a block design completely randomized. Were identified the species involved in the disease and the concentration of aflatoxin [B1 and G1] of grain harvested in each treatment. Treatments with lower percentage of incidence and severity were the fungi B. bassiana (4.7 and 3.6%, respectively) and G. fasciculatum (6.0 and 3.8%, respectively), both showed significant difference compared to the other treatments including the control. Fusarium verticillioides check for this species in other resources were identified (Sacc), Aspergillus check for this species in other resources sp. and Penicillium pinophilum check for this species in other resources (Hedgcock) as major agents associated with the disease, with higher prevalence of F. verticillioides on Aspergillus sp., and P. pinophilum. There was no significant difference in aflatoxin concentration (α = 0.05), likewise fungi did not exceed the tolerance levels (20 mg / kg) of the Official Mexican Standard. This knowledge will implement the use of biorational G. fasciculatum and B. bassiana for control of this disease in Guasave Sinaloa, Mexico.

Keywords
Biorrationals; aflatoxins; Fusarium; corn

 
 es Efecto de productos biorracionales en la incidencia de hongos y concentración de aflatoxinas en maíz blanco cultivado en Sinaloa, México
GARCÍA GUTIÉRREZ, Cipriano; LIZÁRRAGA SÁNCHEZ, Glenda Judith; ARMENTA BOJÓRQUEZ, Adolfo Dagoberto & APODACA SÁNCHEZ, Miguel Ángel

Resumen

En Sinaloa Mexico la pudricion de la mazorca del maiz es una enfermedad que causa perdidas mayores al 30%. Recientemente se ha asociado el ataque de insectos plaga como gusano cogollero del maiz Spodoptera frugiperda check for this species in other resources (J.E Smith), con la posterior invasion de hongos que en su conjunto causan la enfermedad. Por esta razon, se evaluo en campo el efecto de cinco fungicidas biorracionales; Bacillus subtilis check for this species in other resources (Cohn), Trichoderma harzianum check for this species in other resources (Rifai), Beauveria bassiana check for this species in other resources (Balsamo), Glomus fasciculatum check for this species in other resources (Thaxter), sales de potasio de formononetina y acido salicilico, sobre la incidencia y severidad de la enfermedad, utilizando un diseno de bloques completamente al azar. Se identifico a las especies involucradas en la enfermedad y se determino la concentracion de aflatoxinas [B1y G1] de los granos cosechados en cada tratamiento. Los tratamientos con menor porcentaje de incidencia y severidad fueron los hongos B. bassiana (4,7 y 3,6%, respectivamente) y G. fasciculatum (6,0 y 3,8%, respectivamente), ambos presentaron diferencia significativa respecto a los demas tratamientos incluyendo el testigo. Se identifico a Fusarium verticillioides check for this species in other resources (Sacc), Aspergillus check for this species in other resources sp. y Penicillium pinophilum check for this species in other resources (Hedgcock) como los principales agentes asociados a la enfermedad, con mayor predominio de F. verticillioides sobre Aspergillus sp., y P. pinophilum. No hubo diferencia significativa en la concentracion de aflatoxinas (α; = 0,05), asi mismo los hongos no sobrepasaron los niveles de tolerancia (20 μg/kg) de la Norma Oficial Mexicana. Este conocimiento permitira implementar el uso de los productos biorracionales G. fasciculatum y B. bassiana para el control de la enfermedad en Guasave Sinaloa, Mexico.

Palabras-clave
Biorracionales; aflatoxinas; Fusarium; maíz

 
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