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Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research
Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA
ISSN: 0718-5820
EISSN: 0718-5820
Vol. 69, No. 3, 2009, pp. 331-339
Bioline Code: cj09040
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol. 69, No. 3, 2009, pp. 331-339

 es Producción de fitomasa, calidad nutritiva y preferencia de pastoreo de cultivares diploides y tetraploides de ballica perenne ( Lolium perenne check for this species in other resources l. )
Balocchi, Oscar A. & López, Ignacio F.

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar,bajo las condiciones edafoclimáticas del sur de Chile, el efecto de la ploidía de cultivares de ballica perenne ( Lolium perenne check for this species in other resources L.) sobre el rendimiento de fitomasa, calidad nutricional, preferencia de pastoreo y porcentaje de utilización del forraje producido. El ensayo se realizó en el sur de Chile, provincia de Valdivia, y se evaluó por 3 años. Se utilizaron los cultivares tetraploides Quartet (4n), Gwendal (4n), Pastoral (4n) y Napoleón (4n). Los cultivares diploides Anita (2n), Jumbo (2n), Aries (2n) y Yatsyn 1 (2n). Vacas lecheras pastorearon simultáneamente durante 24 h todas las parcelas cuando éstas alcanzaron una altura promedio de 20 cm. Previo y posterior a cada pastoreo se midió altura de la pradera, fitomasa y valor nutritivo. La preferencia de pastoreo fue evaluada visualmente cada 5 min durante un período de 2,5 h posterior a la ordeña de la tarde. Durante el período de 3 años se evaluaron 20 pastoreos. El diseño experimental fue de bloques completos al azar con ocho cultivares y tres bloques. Los cultivares diploides presentaron un mayor rendimiento de materia seca (P ≤ 0,05). No se detectaron diferencias significativas en el contenido de proteína. Sin embargo, los cultivares tetraploides presentaron un mayor valor D, aunque esta diferencia no fue significativa en el tercer año. Las vacas en lactancia pastorearon significativamente más tiempo sobre los cultivares tetraploides. Considerando la fitomasa residual pospastoreo y el porcentaje de utilización se puede indicar que las vacas pastorearon menos intensamente los cultivares diploides.

Palabras-clave
Lolium perenne, preferencia de pastoreo, fitomasa, ploidía.

 
 en Herbage production, nutritive value and grazing preference of diploid and tetraploid perennial ryegrass cultivars ( Lolium perenne check for this species in other resources L.)
Balocchi, Oscar A. & López, Ignacio F.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine, under the soil and climatic conditions of Southern Chile, the effect of the ploidy of perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne check for this species in other resources L.) cultivars on herbage production, nutritive value, grazing preference and utilization of pasture produced. This study was conducted in southern Chile, Valdivia Province, and was evaluated for 3 years. The tetraploid cultivars used were Quartet (4n), Gwendal (4n), Pastoral (4n) and Napoleon (4n). The diploid cultivars were Anita (2n), Jumbo (2n), Aries (2n), and Yatsyn 1 (2n). When the average sward height reached 20 cm, all plots were simultaneously grazed by dairy cows for a period of 24 h. Before and after grazing, sward height, dry matter availability and nutritive value were evaluated. Grazing preference was visually assessed every 5 min for a period of 2.5 h after the afternoon milking. During the 3-year period 20 grazing events were evaluated. A randomized complete block design, with eight cultivars and three replicates, was used. Diploid cultivars showed greater herbage mass accumulation than tetraploid cultivars (P ≤ 0.05). No significant differences were obtained in the annual average crude protein content. Nevertheless, tetraploid cultivars showed a greater D value than diploid cultivars, except during the third year when the difference was not statistically significant. Dairy cows grazed more time on tetraploid cultivars. Considering, additionally, the residual herbage mass after grazing and the percentage of pasture utilization, diploid cultivars were less intensively grazed, suggesting a lower consumption by the cows.

Keywords
Lolium perenne, grazing preference, herbage mass, ploidy.

 
© Copyright 2009 Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research.
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