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Antifeeding and Insecticide Properties of Aqueous and Ethanolic Fruit Extracts from Melia azedarach L. on the Elm Leaf Beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola Müller Chiffelle, Italo; Huerta, Amanda; Azúa, Fernando; Puga, Karla & Araya, Jaime E. Abstract Xanthogaleruca luteola Müller (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a defoliator of Ulmus species currently present in several regions of central Chile, causes severe damage to trees, mainly in park areas, street tree-lines and gardens. The antifeeding and insecticidal activities of extracts from immature fruit of Melia azedarach L. (Meliaceae) were determined on adults of X. luteola in laboratory bioassays. Several concentrations of the extracts obtained with water and ethanol were used and their effectiveness and LC50 were determined. The antifeeding action of the water extracts caused 100% deterrence over concentrations of 3.6% w/v. Both extracts were effective insecticides against adults, causing 86% mortality (2.4% w/v), with a better performance of the ethanol extracts, with a LC50 of 0.9% w/v on the 3rd day after exposure, and 6.6% w/v on the 5th day with the water extract. Keywords Botanical insecticides, ethanol extract, water extract, Ulmus.

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Propiedades antialimentaria e insecticida de extractosacuosos y etanólicos del fruto de Melia azedarach L. en el escarabajo de la hoja del olmo Xanthogaleruca luteola . Chiffelle, Italo; Huerta, Amanda; Azúa, Fernando; Puga, Karla & Araya, Jaime E. Resumen Xanthogaleruca luteola Müller (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), un defoliador de especiesde Ulmus presente en varias regiones de Chile central,causa daño severo en árboles principalmente en áreas deparques, árboles de calles, y jardines. Se determinó elefecto antialimentario e insecticida de extractos de frutos inmaduros de Melia azedarach L. (Meliaceae) sobreadultos de X. luteola en bioensayos de laboratorio. Seusaron varias concentraciones con agua y etanol de losextractos y se determinó su efectividad y su CL50. La acción antialimentaria de los extractos de agua causó un 100% dedeterrencia sobre concentraciones de 3,6% p/v. Ambosextractos fueron efectivos como insecticidas contra los adultos, causando un 86% de mortalidad (2,4% p/v), conun mejor comportamiento de los extractos con etanol conuna CL50 de 0,9% p/v al tercer día después de la exposición,y 6,6% p/v al quinto día con los extractos acuosos. Palabras-clave Insecticidas botánicos, extracto de etanol, extracto de agua, Ulmus.

© Copyright 2010 Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research.
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