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BINWA, B.; MMENGE, A. & GAHUNGU, D. Abstract Faced with the current economies, characterised by a combination of complex factors, competitiveness of small and medium enterprises (SME) in countries like the Democratic Republic of Congo has become a necessity for the the sustainability of the private sector. In spite of the prevalence of family businesses in several countries in the sub-Saharan Africa and their proven role in developing economies, operational issues of familiarism and performance are not still clearly elucidated in the context of SME family businesses, nor submitted to the stock market. The objective of this study was to elucidate and operationalise the “ family effect “and” performance “ in the context of SME which are not subjected to the stock market as perceived by family entrepreneurs. Applying the inter-site comparison case study method on the basis of semi-structured interviews organised with 32 family entrepreneurs from two towns and two cities in the provinces of North and South Kivu in the Democratic Republic of Congo, the results indicate that, apart from the deeply modified family effect indicators, the dimensions of the construct are identical to previous works. Meanwhile, the performance perceived by economic operators greatly diverges from theoretical considerations. Keywords Case study; familiarism; family; harmony; performance

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FAMILIARISME ET PERFORMANCE EN CONTEXTE DE PETITES ET MOYENNES ENTREPRISES FAMILIALES : UNE ÉTUDE EXPLORATOIRE BINWA, B.; MMENGE, A. & GAHUNGU, D. Résumé Cette étude identifie les attributs du familiarisme en contexte de petites et moyennes entreprises familiales (PMEF) et definit la performance telle que perçue par les entrepreneurs familiaux dans un contexte sans marché financier. Appliquant la méthode d’étude de cas par comparaison inter-sites sur la base d’entretiens semi-directifs organisés avec 32 entrepreneurs familiaux de deux villes et de deux cités de province du Nord et du Sud-Kivu, en République Démocratique du Congo, les résultats indiquent que, comparativement aux indicateurs de l’effet famille assortis de travaux antérieurs, l’opérationnalisation de ce construit s’apprête légèrement moins dans le contexte congolais. Pendant ce temps, la performance perçue par les opérateurs économiques s’éloigne considérablement des considérations théoriques. Mots Clés Etude de cas; familiarisme; famille; harmonie; performance

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