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African Crop Science Journal
African Crop Science Society
ISSN: 1021-9730
EISSN: 1021-9730
Vol. 4, No. 1, 1996, pp. 29-40
Bioline Code: cs96037
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

African Crop Science Journal, Vol. 4, No. 1, 1996, pp. 29-40

 en Yield Stability in Relation to Striga Resistance in Cowpea Production in West and Central Africa
Muleba, N.; Ouedraogo, J.T. & Drabo, I.

Abstract

Striga gesnerioides causes severe cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata ) yield losses in West and Central Africa. Fields have been abandoned by farmers due to crop failures attributed to Striga-infestations. Studies comprising three sowing dates and two regional cultivar adaptation trials were conducted in fields naturally infested by Striga. The sowing date experiments were established in the Sudan savanna zone in Burkina Faso from 1984 to 1987. Three dates, namely, early (late-June to early-July), intermediate (mid- to late-July), and late (early- to mid-August) were used. The first regional adaptation trial included some countries in West Africa in 1989 and 1990. The second trial was extended to Central Africa in 1991 and 1992. The objectives were to study Striga- resistance of genotypes, its stability (or durability) both in time and space and to devise production technologies for minimising yield losses under Striga - infestations. Cultivar Suvita-2 had high and stable resistance to Striga-infestation and a high yield that was least stable across years. Regionally, no single cultivar was immune from Striga-infestations across locations. Only B301, in contrast to two other resistant controls IT82D-849 and Suvita-2, combined high stable resistance to Striga-infestation and high stable yield under Striga-infestations across locations in West and Central Africa. Other cultivars that combined high or moderate resistance to Striga infestation and high yield, and moderate to high stability across locations included TN93-80 and TNI21-80, in West Africa, and KVx402-19-1 in West and Central Africa. Although no genotype was invulnerable to Striga-infestation in all locations of the sub-region, it appears that Striga damage could be controlled through proper choice of sowing dates and better adapted, high yielding and Striga resistant cultivars.

Keywords
Striga gesnerioides, tolerance, Vigna unguiculata

 
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