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African Crop Science Journal
African Crop Science Society
ISSN: 1021-9730
EISSN: 1021-9730
Vol. 4, No. 1, 1996, pp. 41-49
Bioline Code: cs96038
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

African Crop Science Journal, Vol. 4, No. 1, 1996, pp. 41-49

 fr
Ugen, M.A. & Wien, H.C.

Résumé

Un champ experimental etait conduit a l'Universite de Cornell, New York aux Etats Unis au cours de 2 saisons culturales en 1990 et 1991 pour determiner l'effet des proportions de haricot et de mais et de l'azote sur l'attaque des insectes, la morphologie, la competition et les avantages en rendement de 2 cultures plantees en association. La culture mixte reduisait l'incidence de coleopteres "Japanese beetles" (Popillia japanica) et de coleopteres d'haricot "Mexican" (Epilachna varivestis Mulcant) comparee au haricot en monoculture. Les deux insectes decroissaient avec la reduction de l'haricot dans la culture mixte. Le mais plante en monoculture fleurissait et arrivait plus tot en maturite que le mays en culture mixte au cours de 2annees. L'application de l'azote entrainait une floraison precoce du mais. La croissance vegetative de haricot etait plus grande et la maturite etait retardee par les taux d'azote tres eleves. La competitivite de mais ou de l'haricot croissait ou decroissait selon les proportions culturales tandis que la competitivite de mais croissait avec le niveau d'azote. Les rapports d'utilisation de la terre ou Land Equivalent Ratios (LERs) etaient plus grands pour la culture mixte que pour la culture pure dans les 2 saisons. Les LERs etaient egalement plus grands, en absence d'application d'azote, ce qui suggere la meilleure utilisation des nutriments du sol par la culture mixte.

Mots Clés
Coleoptere d'haricot, rapport de competitivite, culture mixte, rapport d'utilisation de la terre, serie de remplacement, monoculture

 
 en The Effect of Mixture Proportions and Fertilizer Nitrogen on Morphology, Insect Pest Damage, Competition and Yield Advantages in a Maize/Bean Intercrop
Ugen, M.A. & Wien, H.C.

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted at Cornell University, New York, USA during 1990 and 1991 growing seasons to determine the effect of the proportions of beans and maize and of nitrogen on insect pest damage, morphology, competition and yield advantages of the two crops grown in mixtures. Inter- cropping reduced the incidence of Japanese beetles (Popillia japanica) and Mexican bean beetles (Epilachna varivestis Mulcant) compared to sole beans. Both bean beetles decreased with decrease in bean proportion in the mixtures. Sole maize tasseled and matured earlier than intercropped maize in both years. Nitrogen application resulted in earlier maize tasseling. Bean vegetative growth was greater and maturity delayed the higher the nitrogen rates. Competitiveness of either maize or beans increased with decrease in crop proportions and maize competitiveness increased with increasing N level. Land Equivalent Ratios (LERs) were greater for intercropping than for sole cropping in both years. LERs were also higher without N application suggesting better utilisation of soil nutrients by intercrops.

Keywords
Bean beetles, competitive ratio, intercropping, land equivalent ratio, replacement series, sole cropping

 
© Copyright 1996 - African Crop Science Society

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