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African Crop Science Journal
African Crop Science Society
ISSN: 1021-9730
EISSN: 1021-9730
Vol. 5, No. 3, 1997, pp. 229-237
Bioline Code: cs97029
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

African Crop Science Journal, Vol. 5, No. 3, 1997, pp. 229-237

 fr
Gupta, S.C. & Mhere, O.

Résumé

En 1988 et 1989, plus de 200 hybrides du mil [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.] issus du croisement mil x hybrides de l'herbe elephant (P. purpureum Schum) etaient produits par le Programme SADC/ICRISAT au Zimbabwe. Ces hybrides etaient crees dans le cadre des experimentations visant a produire des hybrides de mil superieurs destines particulirement aux regions pluviales semi-arides. Au cours des annees 1990-92, on a evalue 18 hybrides du mil issus du croisement avec des hybrides de l'herbe a elephant (SDPN), 20 avec de l'herbe a elephant (SDPP), et deux temoins, l'herbe Bana (mil x hybride de l'herbe a elephant) et Green Gold Harare (Panicum sp) a Aisleby (irriguee) et a Lucydale (pluvial). Il y avait six coupes (au cours de 12 mois) a Aisleby et sept coupes (au cours de 16 mois) a Lucydale. Parmi les hybrides issus du croisement avec des hybrides de l'herbe a elephant, SDPN 29 a produit le rendement le plus eleveen matiere seche totale sur l'ensemble des coupes dans les deux localites. SDPN 29 a produit 38 t de rendement en matire seche totale par hectare (39% plus que le meilleur temoin, herbe Bana). Sur la base de rendement en fourrage verte, en matire seche, proteine brute (%), et digestibilite in vitro de la matire seche, proteine brute (%), et digestibilite in vitro de la matire seche, deux hybrides (SDPN 3 et SDPN 29) ont ete selectionnes et les coupes ont ete fournies a plusieurs centaines de paysans au Zimbabwe. Parmi les hybrides issus du croisement avec l'herbe a elephant, SDPP 19 et SDPP 10 ont ete les plus perfomants. Pendant la saison seche (avril a Octobre), a Lucydale, les plants SDPN et SDPP se sont bien comportes et certains de ces plants ont produit des rendements en matire seche de plus de 600 kg par hectare par coupe. C'est la periode ou le besoin de fourrage est maximum. ll n'y a pas eu de difference significative pour le rendement en matire seche totale sur l'ensemble des coupes entre le SDPP et le SDPN les plus performants dans les deux localites. La variation dans les herbes a elephant pour des caracteres differents suggere que ces herbes peuvent etre ameliorees pour la qualite fourragre et le rendement.

Mots Clés
Herbe a elephant, mil x hybride de l'herbe a elephant, Pennisetum sp.

 
 en Identification of superior pearl millet by napier hybrids and napiers in Zimbabwe
Gupta, S.C. & Mhere, O.

Abstract

During 1988 and 1989, over 200 pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] by napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum) hybrids were developed by SADC/ICRISAT in Zimbabwe to provide superior pearl millet by napier hybrids especially for semi-arid rainfed regions. Eighteen such pearl millet by napier hybrids (SDPN), 20 napiers (SDPP), and two checks, Bana grass (pearl millet x napier hybrid), and Green Gold Harare (Panicum sp.) were evaluated at Aisleby (irrigated) and Lucydale (rainfed) locations during 1990/92. There were six cuttings (over 12 months) at Aisleby, and seven cuttings (over 16 months) at Lucydale. Among pearl millet by napier hybrids, SDPN 29 produced the highest total dry matter (DM) yield over cuttings at both locations. SDPN 29 produced 38 t total DM yield ha-1 (38% more than the best check, Bana grass) at Aisleby, and 12.5 t total DM yield ha-1 at Lucydale (39% more than the best check, Bana grass). Based on green fodder yield, DM yield, crude protein %, and in-vitro DM digestibility, two hybrids, SDPN 3 and SDPN 29 were selected and the cuttings were supplied to several hundred farmers in Zimbabwe. Among napiers, SDPP 19 and SDPP 10 were the highest yielding entries. During the dry period (April to October) at Lucydale, both SDPNs and SDPPs plants continued to grow and some entries produced DM yields of over 600 kg ha-1 per cut. This is the period when the forage is most needed. There were no significant differences for total DM yield over cuttings between highest yielding SDPP and highest yielding SDPN at both locations. The variation in napiers for different traits suggests that the napiers can be improved for forage quality and yield.

Keywords
Elephant grass, napier grass, pearl millet x napier hybrid, Pennisetum sp.

 
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