Background: The effect of polyamines (PAs) along with cytokinins (TDZ and BAP) and auxin (IBA)was induced by
the multiple shoot regeneration from leaf explants of gherkin (
Cucumis anguria
L.). The polyphenolic content,
antioxidant and antibacterial potential were studied from
in vitro regenerated and
in vivo plants.
Results: Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 3% sucrose containing a combination of 3.0 μM
TDZ, 1.0 μM IBA and 75 μM spermidine induced maximum number of shoots (45 shoots per explant) was
achieved. Regenerated shoots elongated in shoot elongation medium containing 1.5 μM GA
3 and 50 μM
spermine. The well-developed shoots were transferred to root induction medium containing 1.0 μM IBA and
50 μM putrescine. Rooted plants were hardened and successfully established in soil with a 95% survival rate.
Twenty-five phenolic compounds were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)
analysis The individual polyphenolic compounds, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant and
antibacterial potential were significantly higher with
in vitro regenerated plants than
in vivo plants.
Conclusions: Plant growth regulators (PGRs) and PAs had a significant effect on
in vitro plant regeneration and
also a biochemical accumulation of flavonols, hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives in
C. anguria. Due to these metabolic variations, the antioxidant and antibacterial activities were increased with
in vitro regenerated plants than
in vivo plants. This is the first report describing the production of phenolic
compounds and biological activities from
in vitro and
in vivo regenerated plants of
C. anguria.
