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Electronic Journal of Biotechnology
Universidad Católica de Valparaíso
ISSN: 0717-3458
Vol. 29, No. 1, 2017, pp. 22-31
Bioline Code: ej17059
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, Vol. 29, No. 1, 2017, pp. 22-31

 en Structural and mechanical characterization of custom design cranial implant created using additive manufacturing
Moiduddin, Khaja; Darwish, Saied; Ahmari, Abdulrahman Al-; ElWatidy, Sherif; Mohammad, Ashfaq & Ameen, Wadea

Abstract


Background: Reconstruction of customized cranial implants with a mesh structure using computer-assisted design and additive manufacturing improves the implant design, surgical planning, defect evaluation, implant-tissue interaction and surgeon's accuracy. The objective of this study is to design, develop and fabricate cranial implant with mechanical properties closer to that of bone and drastically decreases the implant failure and to improve the esthetic outcome in cranial surgery with precision fitting for a better quality of life. A customized cranial mesh implant is designed digitally, based on the Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine files and fabricated using state of the Art-Electron Beam Melting an Additive Manufacturing technology. The EBM produced titanium implant was evaluated based on their mechanical strength and structural characterization.
Results: The result shows, the produced mesh implants have a high permeability of bone ingrowth with its reduced weight and modulus of elasticity closer to that the natural bone thus reducing the stress shielding effect. Scanning electron microscope and micro-computed tomography (CT) scanning confirms, that the produced cranial implant has a highly regular pattern of the porous structure with interconnected channels without any internal defect and voids.
Conclusions: The study reveals that the use of mesh implants in cranial reconstruction satisfies the need of lighter implantswith an adequate mechanical strength, thus restoring better functionality and esthetic outcomes for the patients.

Keywords
3D modeling; Cranial reconstruction; Cranial tumor; Craniofacial reconstruction; Electron beam melting (EBM); Fused depositing modeling (FDM); Image-based surgery; Lighter implants; Mesh implant; Porous titanium

 
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