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Entomotropica
Sociedad Venezolana de Entomologia
ISSN: 1317-5262
Vol. 16, No. 3, 2001, pp. 173-179
Bioline Code: em01020
Full paper language: Spanish
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Entomotropica, Vol. 16, No. 3, 2001, pp. 173-179

 en Population fluctuation of Spodoptera frugiperda check for this species in other resources (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on corn under three tillage systems.
Luis Piñango, Eustaquio Arnal, Belquis Rodríguez

Abstract

Piñango L, Arnal E, Rodríguez B. 2001. Population fluctuation of Spodoptera frugiperda check for this species in other resources (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on corn under three tillage systems. Entomotropica 16(3):173-179.

Populations of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on corn were evaluated to determine the effect of three tillage systems. The tested tillage systems were no-tillage (SD), conventional tillage (LC) and no-tillage with previous chisel pass (CSD). A randomized complete blocks design was used with three repetitions with treatments arranged in split plots. The study was conducted at Tierra Nueva farm during the year 1997, Municipality of Urdaneta, State of Aragua. Populations of the fall armyworm were evaluated weekly by choosing randomly twelve points inside each plot, each point with an area of 1 m2. In each point were determined: total number of plants, number of damaged plants, number of larvae, and number of infested plants. 20 larvae/ plot were collected at random; they were reared in the laboratory with artificial diet until adult emergency, for checking insidence of natural enemies. Infestation by the armyworm was 26.63 % in LC, 24.61% in CSD and 7.79% SD. Infestation reached its maximum (53.89%) to the 27 day after planting (DAP) and 66 DAP (34.34%). The number of larvae/plant was of 0.39 in LC, 0.36 in CSD and 0.24 in SD. The maximum observed values were 0.88 larvae/ plant were 21 DAP and 0.46 larvae/ plant 66 DAP. Parasitoids were identified as Meteorus laphygmae check for this species in other resources Viereck and Chelonus texanus check for this species in other resources Cresson (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and flies of the genera Archytas check for this species in other resources sp. and Winthemia check for this species in other resources sp. (Diptera: Tachinidae). Entomopathogens found were fungi of the genus Paecilomyces check for this species in other resources , bacteria of the genus Erwinia check for this species in other resources and viruses. Total mortality observed was 41.76% in SD, 45.01% in CSD and 40.50% in LC. Mortality due to parasitism and diseases was 10.15% and 31.61% in SD; 12.10% and 32.91% in CSD and 13.16% and 27.34% in LC, respectively.

Keywords
Corn, fall armyworm, natural control.

 
 es Fluctuación poblacional de Spodoptera frugiperda check for this species in other resources (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) en el cultivo de maíz bajo tres sistemas de labranza
Luis Piñango, Eustaquio Arnal, Belquis Rodríguez

Resumen

Piñango L, Arnal E, Rodríguez B. 2001. Fluctuación poblacional de Spodoptera frugiperda check for this species in other resources (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) en el cultivo de maíz bajo tres sistemas de labranza. Entomotropica 16(3):173-179.

Poblaciones del gusano cogollero, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) fueron evaluadas en el cultivo de maíz, sometido a tres sistemas de labranza: labranza convencional (LC), siembra directa (SD) y siembra directa previo un pase de cincel (CSD), usando un bloques al azar con tres repeticiones con arreglo de los tratamientos en parcelas divididas. El estudio se realizó en la Agropecuaria Tierra Nueva, Municipio Urdaneta del estado Aragua, durante el período junio - septiembre del año 1997. Las poblaciones del gusano cogollero se muestrearon semanalmente, escogiendo doce puntos al azar dentro de cada parcela. Posteriormente se midió 1 m2 por punto; en esta área se determinó número de: plantas, plantas infestadas y larvas/planta. Igualmente, se colectaron al azar 20 larvas/parcela; las cuales fueron criadas en el laboratorio con dieta artificial hasta la emergencia del adulto, observándose la incidencia de parasitoides y entomopatógenos. Los porcentajes de plantas infestadas fueron: 26,63% en LC, 24,61% en CSD y 7,79% SD. En el período de crecimiento del maíz, la infestación alcanzó sus máximos poblacionales a los 27 y 66 días después de la emergencia (DDE). Los niveles poblacionales de larvas/planta en los sistemas de labranza fueron: 0,40 en LC, 0,36 en CSD y 0,24 en SD. Los valores máximos observados en la fluctuación poblacional correspondieron a: 0,88 larvas/planta a los 21 DDE y 0,46 larvas/planta a los 66 DDE. Se identificaron las avispas Meteorus laphygmae check for this species in other resources Viereck y Chelonus texanus check for this species in other resources Cresson (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) y las moscas de los géneros Archytas check for this species in other resources sp. y Winthemia check for this species in other resources sp. (Diptera: Tachinidae). Los entomopatógenos encontrados fueron: un hongo del género Paecilomyces check for this species in other resources sp., bacterias del género Erwinia check for this species in other resources sp. y virus no determinados. Los porcentajes de mortalidad total fueron: 41,76% en SD, 45,01% en CSD y 40,50% en LC. Los niveles correspondientes a parasitismo y enfermedades alcanzaron valores de: 10,15 y 31,61%; 12,10 y 32,91% y 13,16 y 27,34% en SD, CSD y LC respectivamente.

Palabras-clave
Cogollero, control natural.

 
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