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International Journal of Environmental Research
University of Tehran
ISSN: 1735-6865 EISSN: 1735-6865
Vol. 3, No. 2, 2009, pp. 301-308
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Bioline Code: er09032
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge
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International Journal of Environmental Research, Vol. 3, No. 2, 2009, pp. 301-308
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Environmental Impacts of Reconstruction Activities: A Case of Lebanon
Nasr, D.; Massoud, M.A.; Khoury, R.. & Kabakian, V.
Abstract
Significant damages incurred across Lebanon during the July 2006 war encompassing
the destruction of road networks, bridges and overpasses as well as a vast number of dwelling units.
It is anticipated that reconstruction works after the war shall unavoidably create a newly founded
demand for natural resources, most notably primary and secondary construction material. This
paper assesses the war-related impacts of the construction sector on the environment coupled with
recommendations for controlling and mitigating these impacts. A cost benefit analysis of four different
scenarios for supplying construction material was conducted based on their environmental and
fiscal costs as well as their economic benefits and government returns. The Fixed Box Model was
applied to estimate air pollutants concentration. Results indicated that the preferred alternative for
the supply of cement primarily consists of local manufacturing of 100 percent of the required quantities.
With regards to sand and aggregates, the analysis indicated that the preferred alternatives are to
either rely on local production or import 25 percent of the required material. The predicted average
concentration of Total Suspended Particulates at the southern suburb of Beirut site exceeded the
recommended values of the Lebanese, EU, USEPA, and WHO standards.
Keywords
Reconstruction, Environmental Impacts, Air Pollution, Resources Depletion, Lebanon
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