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The Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition
icddr,b
ISSN: 1606-0997 EISSN: 1606-0997
Vol. 22, No. 3, 2004, pp. 240-245
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Bioline Code: hn04031
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge
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The Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, Vol. 22, No. 3, 2004, pp. 240-245
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The Role of Epidemiology in the Introduction of Vi Polysaccharide Typhoid Fever Vaccines in Asia
Acosta, Camilo J.; Galindo, Claudia M.; Ochiai, R. Leon; Danovaro-Holliday, M. Carolina; Page, Anne-Laure; Thiem, Vu Dinh; Park, Jin Kyoung; Park, Eunsik; Koo, Hyewon & Wang, Xuan-Yi
Abstract
Despite the availability of at least two licensed typhoid fever vaccines-injectable sub-unit Vi polysaccharide
vaccine and live, oral Ty21a vaccine-for the last decade, these vaccines have not been
widely introduced in public-health programmes in countries endemic for typhoid fever. The goal of the
multidisciplinary DOMI (Diseases of the Most Impoverished) typhoid fever programme is to generate
policy-relevant data to support public decision-making regarding the introduction of Vi polysaccharide
typhoid fever immunization programmes in China, Viet Nam, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, and
Indonesia. Through epidemiological studies, the DOMI Programme is generating these data and is
offering a model for the accelerated, rational introduction of new vaccines into health programmes in
low-income countries. Practical and specific examples of the role of epidemiology are described in this
paper. These examples cover: (a) selection of available typhoid fever vaccines to be introduced in the
programme, (b) generation of policy-relevant data, (c) providing the 'backbone' for the implementation
of other multidisciplinary projects, and (d) generation of unexpected but useful information relevant
for the introduction of vaccines. Epidemiological studies contribute to all stages of development of
vaccine evaluation and introduction.
Keywords
Typhoid fever; Vaccine; Epidemiology; Vaccinology; Salmonella Typhi; Asia
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