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The Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition
icddr,b
ISSN: 1606-0997 EISSN: 1606-0997
Vol. 36, No. 1, 2017, pp. 1-8
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Bioline Code: hn17015
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge
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The Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, Vol. 36, No. 1, 2017, pp. 1-8
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Trends, determinants and inequities of 4+ ANC utilisation in Bangladesh
Rahman, Aminur; Nisha, Monjura Khatun; Begum, Tahmina; Ahmed, Sayem; Alam, Nurul & Anwar, Iqbal
Abstract
Background: The objectives of this study are to document the trend on utilisation of four or more (4+) antenatal
care (ANC) over the last 22 years period and to explore the determinants and inequity of 4+ ANC utilisation as
reported by the last two Bangladesh Demographic and Health surveys (BDHS) (2011 and 2014).
Methods: The data related to ANC have been extracted from the BDHS data set which is available online as an
open source. STATA 13 software was used for organising and analysing the data. The outcome variable considered
for this study was utilisation of 4+ ANC. Trends of 4+ ANC were measured in percentage and predictors for 4+ ANC
were measured through bivariate and multivariable analysis. The concentration index was estimated for assessing
inequity in 4+ ANC utilisation.
Results: Utilisation of 4+ ANC has increased by about 26% between the year 1994 and 2014. Higher level of education,
residing in urban region and richest wealth quintile were found to be significant predictors. The utilisation of 4+ ANC
has decreased with increasing parity and maternal age. The inequity indices showed consistent inequities in 4+ ANC
utilisation, and such inequities were increased between 2011 and 2014.
Conclusions: In Bangladesh, the utilisation of any ANC rose steadily between 1994 and 2014, but progress in terms of
4+ ANC utilisation was much slower as the expectation was to achieve the national set target (50%: 4+ ANC utilisation)
by 2016. Socio-economic inequities were observed in groups that failed to attend a 4+ ANC visit. Policymakers should
pay special attention to increase the 4+ ANC coverage where this study can facilitate to identify the target groups
whom need to be intervened on priority basis.
Keywords
Antenatal care; Trends; Determinants; Inequality; Bangladesh
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© Copyright 2017 - The Author(s) Alternative site location: http://www.jhpn.net
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