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Vancomycin-resistant enterococci colonization in patients with hematological malignancies: screening and its cost-effectiveness Habip, Gedik; Funda, Şimşek; Arzu, Kantürk; Taner, Yıldırmak; Deniz, Arıca; Demet, Aydın; Osman, Yokuş & Naciye, Demirel Abstract Background and Objective: We evaluated the rates of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) colonization and VRErelated bacteremia in patients with hematological malignancies in terms of routine screening culture and its cost-effectiveness. Materials and Methods: All patients of the hematology department who were older than 14 years of age and who developed at least one febrile neutropenia episode during chemotherapy for hematological cancers between November 2010 and November 2012 were evaluated retrospectively. Results: We retrospectively analyzed 282 febrile episodes in 126 neutropenic patients during a two-year study period. The study included 65 cases in the first study-year and 78 cases in the second study-year. The numbers of colonization days and colonized patient were748 days of colonization in 29 patients (44%) in the first study-year and 547 colonization days in 21 patients (26%) in the second study-year, respectively. Routine screening culture for VRE cost $4516,4 (427 cultures) in the first study-year, $5082,7 (504 cultures) in the second study-year depending on the number of patients and their length of stay. Conclusion: In line with our study results, routine screening of hematological patients for VRE colonization is not costeffective. Routine surveillance culture for VRE should be considered with respect to the conditions of health care setting. Keywords Hematological patients; febrile neutropenia; vancomycin-resistant enterococci; vancomycin-sensitive enterococci; bacteremia; colonization

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