Factors affecting disclosure of serostatus to children attending Jinja Hospital Paediatric HIV clinic, Uganda

Background: Disclosure of HIV status is important for optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy in children. Identifying factors that affect disclosure of sero-status to children will help improve the process of disclosure. The purpose of the study was to determine the rate of HIV disclosure by the parents/caretakers to their children and other factors affecting disclosure.
Methods: A cross sectional study among 174 caretakers of children age 5-18 years, twenty children and all (ten) health workers at Jinja Hospital paediatric HIV clinic. Data was collected with standardized questionnaires on socio-demographic factors, disclosure status, health facility factors, fears and perceived benefits of disclosure.
Results: We found disclosure rates in 56% of the children. Among those not disclosed to, non-disclosure was 19% and deception 25%. Factors associated with disclosure of sero-status to a child were age of child (X2 37.4 df 1 p< 0.001), child being on antiretroviral therapy (OR 2.0 CI 1.1-3.6 p=0.024) and child attending psychosocial support group (OR 7.4 CI 3.6-15.3 p < 0.001). There were no appropriate guidelines on disclosure and only half of health providers had training on disclosure of HIV serostatus to children.
Conclusion: The overall prevalence of disclosure was low. Psychosocial support groups promoted disclosure.