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African Health Sciences
Makerere University Medical School
ISSN: 1680-6905
EISSN: 1680-6905
Vol. 15, No. 4, 2015, pp. 1262-1270
Bioline Code: hs15173
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

African Health Sciences, Vol. 15, No. 4, 2015, pp. 1262-1270

 en In vivo anti-plasmodial activities and toxic impacts of lime extract of a combination of Picralima nitida check for this species in other resources , Alstonia boonei check for this species in other resources and Gongronema latifolium check for this species in other resources in mice infected with Chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium berghei.
Idowu, Emmanuel T.; Ajaegbu, Henry C.N.; Omotayo, Ahmed I.; Aina, Oluwagbemiga O. & Otubanjo, Olubunmi A.

Abstract

Background: Lime extracts of powdered combination of seeds of Picralima nitida check for this species in other resources , stem bark of Alstonia boonei check for this species in other resources and leaves of Gongronema latifolium check for this species in other resources is a common remedy used in the treatment of malaria in South Western Nigeria.
Objective: To determine the antiplasmodial activities of the combined herbal extracts and its impact on the haematological, hepatological and renological parameters in mice.
Methods: The 4-day suppressive and curative tests were used to assess the antiplasmodial activities of the extract in mice infected with chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium berghei at concentration of 200mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 800mg/kg body weight. The haematological parameters including red blood cells, white blood cells, packed cell volume and haemoglobin count were analysed with an auto analyser. The activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were determined, while urea, protein and creatinine were analysed by standard procedural methods.
Results: The 4-day suppressive test revealed that the test extract achieved percentage suppression of 39.0%, 41.6% and 54.68% for the 200mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 800mg/kg concentration respectively. Additionally, the curative test achieved a high percentage suppression of 80.97%, 83.84% and 86.16% at the 200mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 800mg/kg concentration respectively. The extracts did not induce significant change on haematological parameters (P>0.05), while significant elevation in the values of the ALT and AST (P<0.05) was observed and elevation of creatinine (P<0.05) at 800mg/kg.
Conclusions: The results support the traditional use of the herbal combination in the treatment of malaria, however the liver cells were impacted by the extracts in bioassay conducted with mice.

Keywords
In vivo anti-plasmodial lime extract; Picralima nitida; Alstonia boonei; Gongronema latifolium; mice infected with chloroquine-sensitive plasmodium berghei

 
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