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African Health Sciences
Makerere University Medical School
ISSN: 1680-6905
EISSN: 1680-6905
Vol. 18, No. 4, 2018, pp. 1189-1201
Bioline Code: hs18153
Full paper language: English
Document type: Study
Document available free of charge

African Health Sciences, Vol. 18, No. 4, 2018, pp. 1189-1201

 en Evaluation of antibiotic prescriptions and use in under-five children in Ibadan, SouthWestern Nigeria
Adisa, Rasaq; Orherhe, Ochuko M & Fakeye, Titilayo O

Abstract

Background: Irrational antibiotic prescriptions for children is a global concern requiring periodic evaluation and monitoring.
Objectives: To assess appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing for under-five children, as well as evaluating mothers’ usage of antibiotics for their under-five and reason(s) for use.
Method: Cross-sectional review of out-patient case-notes of under-five using principles of antibiotic prescribing and a questionnaire-guided interaction with under-five mothers.
Results: Nearly all (445;98.9%) antibiotic prescriptions were based on signs and symptoms indicative of bacterial infection. Only 3(0.7%) had the initial antibiotic regimen modified. Nine (2.0%) had documented evidence of sensitivity test requested before antibiotic prescribing. Presence of infection or need for antibiotic therapy was established in 190(42.2%). Majority (324;72.0%) of mothers had administered antibiotics to their under-five. Of these, 157(48.5%) were prescribed by physicians and 79(24.4%) were self-recommended. Educational status of mothers significantly influenced antibiotic usage.
Conclusion: Antibiotic prescriptions for under-fives was largely based on symptoms indicative of bacterial infections, thereby corroborating the widespread empirical antibiotic prescribing. Considerable number of mothers engaged in self-recommendation of antibiotics for their under-fives. Thus, there is a need for continuous enlightenment of prescribers and mothers on rational use of antibiotics, while microbiological confirmation of clinical diagnosis is encouraged for evidence-based antibiotic prescribing.

Keywords
Antibiotic prescription; under-five children; mothers/caregivers.

 
© Copyright 2018 - Adisa et al.

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