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African Health Sciences
Makerere University Medical School
ISSN: 1680-6905
EISSN: 1680-6905
Vol. 20, No. 4, 2020, pp. 1655-1668
Bioline Code: hs20122
Full paper language: English
Document type: Study
Document available free of charge

African Health Sciences, Vol. 20, No. 4, 2020, pp. 1655-1668

 en Clinical and microbiological profile of adult inpatients with community acquired pneumonia in Ilorin, North Central, Nigeria
Ojuawo, Olutobi Babatope; Desalu, Olufemi Olumuyiwa; Fawibe, Ademola Emmanuel; Ojuawo, Ayotade Boluwatife; Aladesanmi, Adeniyi Olatunji; Opeyemi, Christopher Muyiwa; Adio, Mosunmoluwa Obafemi; Jimoh, Abdulraheem Olayemi; Amadu, Dele Ohinoyi; Fadeyi, Abayomi & Salami, Kazeem Alakija

Abstract

Background: The optimal management of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) depends on the clinical and microbiological profile in the locality.
Objectives: To determine the clinical and microbiological profile of patients admitted with CAP in Ilorin, Nigeria.
Methods: One hundred and two consenting consecutively selected patients with clinical and radiologic confirmation of CAP were recruited in 12 months. The socio-demographic, physical examination and laboratory/radiologic parameters were documented in a questionnaire. Microbiological evaluation of their sputum was done and blood samples were taken for complete blood count, culture, serum urea and serological evaluation for atypical bacteria and some viral pathogens.
Results: CAP constituted 5.9% of the total medical admissions during the one-year study period. The mean age of the patients was 49 ± 22 years with the largest frequency in those aged 65 years and above. The commonest symptoms were shortness of breath (96.1%) and cough (94.1%), with a median duration of 3 days from symptom onset to admission. Systemic hypertension was the commonest comorbid illness (25/102; 24.5%). Klebsiella pneumoniae check for this species in other resources was the predominant pathogen isolated (20/102; 28.1%). The susceptible antibiotics were Imipenem, Ceftazidime and Ceftriaxone. Intra-hospital mortality was 17.6%. CURB – 65 score of ≥ 2 and the presence of complications of CAP were the independent predictors of mortality.
Conclusion: CAP constitutes a significant disease burden in Ilorin, Nigeria. Typical bacteria accounted for over half of the pathogens isolated from the patients with gram negative agents predominating. This highlights a possible shift in the microbiological profile which could guide empirical treatment.

Keywords
Community acquired pneumonia; microbiological profile; Nigeria.

 
© Copyright 2020 - Ojuawo OB et al.

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