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Evaluation of quality of life and associated factors among HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy in North West region of Cameroon
Busi, Anissette N; Nsoh, Marius; Otieno, Moses O; Ndeso, Sylvester A & Halle-Ekane, Gregory E
Abstract
Background: There is evidence that Quality of Life (QoL) of People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) has a significant
role in ART retention, treatment adherence, and survival. As a result, QoL is becoming increasingly important for policymakers,
program implementers, and researchers. However, factors associated with QoL, in a culturally diverse country like
Cameroon are unknown.
Objective: We aimed to assess the QoL of PLHIV on ART and assess the extent to which physical, psychosocial, environmental,
and spiritual factors drive QoL.
Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 394 PLHIV aged >21 in North-West Cameroon from April to July
2019. Data were collected using WHO-QOL BREF questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, bivariate, and multivariate linear
regression analyses were performed.
Results: Majority (34.5%) of participants were in the age range of 41-50, with 73% females. The average QoL of the respondents
was “good” with mean score of 3.57 on 5 and 71.4% agreed to have satisfactory QoL. Bivariate regression analyses
revealed that all six proposed predictors were significantly associated with QoL. Psychological factors made the greatest
impact (β = 0.213; p<0.003), followed by physical factors (β = 0.19; p<0.001).
Conclusion: PLHIV fairly agreed to have good QoL. The QoL was driven by mainly psychological and physical factors and
not level of independence. However, the mean score perceptions for the investigated domains were low. Mental health services
should consider these predictors when designing strategies to improve the QoL of PLHIV. While this study provides
useful insights, other possible drivers of QoL among PLHIV should be investigated.
Keywords
Quality of life and associated factors; HIV patients; antiretroviral therapy; Cameroon.
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