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Characteristics and outcomes of patients with multiple myeloma at the Uganda Cancer Institute
Okello, Clement D; Mulumba, Yusuf; Omoding, Abrahams; Ddungu, Henry; Welch, Kristen; Thompson, Cheryl L; Cowan, Andrew J; Cooney, Matthew M & Orem, Jackson
Abstract
Purpose: Data on multiple myeloma (MM) in sub-Sahara Africa is scarce. In Uganda, there is a progressively increasing
incidence of MM over the years.
Methods: We performed a retrospective study on 217 patients with MM at the UCI using purposive sampling method. The
objectives of the study were to determine the clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, 5 year overall survival and predictors
of survival of patients with MM at the UCI from 01 January 2008 to 31 December 2012.
Results: There were 119 (54.8%) males; the mean(SD) age of the study population at presentation was 59(12.8) years;
183(84.3%) patients presented with bone pain, and 135 (61.9%) had skeletal pathology; 186(85.3%) were HIV negative, and
152(70%) had Durie-Salmon stage III. The median overall survival was 2.5 years, (95% CI, 0.393-0.595); factors significantly
associated with worse survival were Durie-Salmon stage III disease, HR=5.9, 95% CI (1.61 – 21.74; P=0.007) and LDH
>225 U/L HR=3.3, 95% CI (0.57 – 5.92; P=0.029).
Conclusion: Most patients with multiple myeloma at the UCI were diagnosed at a relatively young age, presented with late
stage disease and bone pain, and had a shorter survival time. Factors associated with worse survival were Durie-Salmon stage
III and LDH >225 U/L.
Keywords
Multiple myeloma; Uganda cancer institute.
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