Uric acid lowering improves insulin sensitivity and lowers blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized parallel-controlled clinical trials

Objectives: This meta-analysis aimed to investigate whether uric acid lowering treatment can improve β-cell function and insulin sensitivity.
Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and China Biology Medicine were searched up to March 1, 2020. Randomized controlled clinical trials of urate lowering therapy in hyperuricemia patients were included in meta-analysis. Effect size was estimated as mean difference with 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results: Our search yielded 7 eligible trials with 503 participants. This meta-analysis showed that uric acid-lowering therapy decreased fasting insulin -1.43 μIU/ml (weighted mean differences (WMD, 95% CI -2.78 to -0.09), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance -0.65 (WMD, 95% CI -1.05 to -0.24), systolic blood pressure -2.45 mm Hg (WMD, 95%CI -4.57 to -0.33) and diastolic blood pressure -3.41 mm Hg (WMD, 95%CI -3.87 to -2.95). However, the treatment had no significant effect on fasting plasma glucose (WMD -0.19 mmol/L, 95%CI -0.42 to 0.05), homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function index (WMD -0.02, 95%CI -0.28 to 0.24), total cholesterol (WMD 0.18 mg/dl; 95%CI, -1.39 to 1.75) and triglyceride (WMD 3.15 mg/dl, 95% CI -9.83 to 16.14).
Conclusion: Uric acid-lowering therapies might improve insulin sensitivity and lower blood pressure, but had no significant effect on HOMA-β and serum lipids.

Keywords
Hyperuricemia; uric acid lowering treatment; β-cell function; insulin sensitivity.