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Indian Journal of Surgery
Medknow Publications on behalf of Association of Surgeons of India
ISSN: 0972-2068
Vol. 67, No. 1, 2005, pp. 29-33
Bioline Code: is05004
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Indian Journal of Surgery, Vol. 67, No. 1, 2005, pp. 29-33

 en Generalized peritonitis secondary to typhoid ileal perforation: Assessment of severity using modified APACHE II score
Adesunkanmi Abdul Rashid K., Badmus Tajudeen A., Fadiora F.O., Agbakwuru E.A.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Generalized peritonitis from typhoid ileal perforation is a common cause of surgical emergency in the developing countries, associated with high morbidity and mortality. The severity assessment of a disease condition is often useful to prioritise treatment and reduce morbidity and mortality. High severity scores are usually associated with high morbidity and mortality; therefore, these patients may require more intensive treatment than those with low severity scores.
AIM: The purpose of this study was to assess the severity of generalized peritonitis from typhoid ileal perforation using modified APACHE II score.
SETTING AND STUDY DESIGN: A teaching hospital unit serving the rural and semi-urban Nigerian community. It is a prospective study of patients with generalized peritonitis from typhoid ileal perforation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Over a period of 7 years, patients had severity of illness assessed using modified APACHE II score. Demographic, clinical, preoperative, operative and postoperative data on each patient were entered into a prepared proforma. Each patient had postoperative outcome and severity of illness were compared to determine the significance of the severity of illness on postoperative outcome.
RESULTS: The mean age was of 23.6 ± 15.5 years, with 4:1 male: female ratio. Morbidity rate ranged from 8.8-71.3% and mortality in 17.5%. Modified APACHE II score ranged from 0-19, with a mean of 8.2 ± 4, 7.6 ± 4 for survivors and 9.4 ± 2 in those who died. There was no death among the patients who scored 0-4, whereas mortality was 13% in those who scored 5-9, 41.2% in those who scored 10-14, and 50% in patients who scored 15-19 (P<0.05). The modified APACHE II Score significantly influenced mortality, but did not influence the incidence of other postoperative complications. CONCLUSION: A high APACHE II score was associated with high mortality, but did not predict morbidity rate in the patients studied. More study is needed involving a larger number of patients to further validate our findings.

Keywords
Severity grading, typhoid peritonitis, apache II score

 
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