A Review of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Heavy Metal Contamination of Fish from Fish Farms

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals contribute to pollutants in aquaculture facilities and thus need to be further investigated. Besides, there is little information regarding PAHs and heavy metals in the tissues of cultured fish, and the risks associated to consumption. In this review, emphasis has been made on the detection of PAHs and heavy metals in cultured fish species which has relatively received little attention in the aquaculture industry compared to researches on the levels of PAHs and heavy metals from the wild catch. The review also focuses on the detection of PAHs and heavy metals in most of the feed ingredients commonly used in the formulation of feed for farmed fish species. The use of chemicals like antibiotics, feed additives, soil and water treatment and other products used in the aquaculture facility or site is also well emphasized and need to be well documented. Future research goals are well stressed and need to be given more attention in aquaculture.

Keywords
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; heavy metals; bioaccumulation; contamination.