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Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management
World Bank assisted National Agricultural Research Project (NARP) - University of Port Harcourt
ISSN: 1119-8362
Vol. 19, No. 3, 2015, pp. 436-444
Bioline Code: ja15056
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, Vol. 19, No. 3, 2015, pp. 436-444

 en Removal of Ni (II) and Pb (II) ions from aqueous solutions by grapefruit ( Citrus paradisi check for this species in other resources ) Mesocarp Biomass
OBI, C. & NJOKU, O.E.

Abstract

The surface characteristics of Citrus paradisi check for this species in other resources (grapefruit mesocarp biomass) on the biosorption of Ni (II) and Pb (II) ions from aqueous solution were studied adopting a batch reactor technique. The dried grapefruit mesocarp biomass was characterized using phytochemical screening and Fourier Transform Infra – Red (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The results of the characterization revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, cyanogenic glycosides. Furthermore, the FTIR spectrum pattern of the biomass showed broad and sharp absorption peaks indicating the existence of functional groups like – OH, C=O, C-H, C-O, N-H, etc. The biosorption process was found to be pH, time and concentration dependent. The rate of biosorption was higher in Ni (II) ion than Pb (II) ion. The result of the equilibrium modeling showed that the biosorption process fitted well with the Freundlich isotherm equation indicating a muiltilayer biosorption. The mechanism of the biosorption process followed pseudo – second – order kinetic model equation with correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.999 for Ni (II) ion and 0.991 for Pb (II) ion respectively. Thermodynamic parameters determined showed that the biosorption of Ni (II) and Pb (II) ions on the surface of the biomass was an exothermic and spontaneous process. The rate of biosorption was found to decrease with increasing temperature. The results showed that the dried grapefruit mesocarp biomass was efficient and effective in the biosorption of Ni (II) and Pb (II) ions and is recommended to be applied in wastewaters.

Keywords
Citrus paradisi; biosorption; metal ions; characterization; mechanism

 
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