Evaluation of the Physico-Chemical Properties of Produced Water from Oil Producing Well in the Niger Delta Area, Nigeria

Physicochemical properties of produced water from oil producing well were conducted using standard methods (American standard for testing and materials). Samples were obtained at different periods within two months. Produced water comprises approximately 98% of the total volume of exploration and production (E&P) waste generated by the oil and gas industry. Results obtained; pH (7.90-8.10), total oil and grease (27.00-37.00mg/l), sulphate (45.00-75.00mg/l), total petroleum hydrocarbon (12.00-14.00 mg/l), electrical conductivity (26100.00-26600.00μs/cm), total dissolved solid (16750.00-17100.00mg/l); salinity (22801.00 – 23403mg/l) show that all the measured parameters were within specification as recommended by Department of Petroleum Resources (DPR). TOG of produced water receives the most attention in both offshore and onshore locations while salt content (electrical conductivity, salinity and total dissolved solids) receive more attention in onshore locations. TOG and TPH above permissible limit (40 mg/l and 20 mg/l respectively) reduces the biochemical oxygen demand in the sea which is detrimental to the survival of aquatic life. Maintaining sulphate concentration within acceptable limit prevents scale formation by calcium and barium ions. Volume of water produced increases with the age of Crude oil production.