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Evaluation of the Water Quality of River Kaduna, Nigeria Using Water Quality Index
OGBOZIGE, FJ; ADIE, DB; IGBORO, SB & GIWA, A
Abstract
Twelve (12) water quality parameters (turbidity, TDS, pH, Cl¯ , EC, DO, BOD5, COD, total nitrogen,
total phosphorus, Fe and Mn) were analyzed in River Kaduna, Nigeria on a monthly basis for a period of one year in 15
sampling locations using standard methods. The data obtained were used to develop Water Quality Index (WQI) across
the 15 sampling locations. The WQI revealed that the water quality of 4 sampling locations were poor as their index
values ranged between 17.77 to 25.47. On the other hand, the generalized water quality of the remaining 11 sampling
locations was marginal as the index values ranged between 44.95 to 60.80. The index values of the various sampling
locations were thereafter used as weights in mapping the WQI of the entire sampled portion of the river using Inverse
Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation method. The WQI of the entire river was suggestively ranked marginal as 11
sampling locations out of 15 (73.3%) fell into the marginal category. Hence, regulatory agencies were advised to check
the anthropogenic activities along the watershed with more emphasis at the hot spot areas or locations that recorded poor
WQI.
Keywords
WQI; Canadian; Mapping; Sampling; Locations.
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