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Effects of Hibiscus Sabdarrifa L. Anthocyanins on Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress in Wistar Rats
ORORORO, OC; ASAGBA, SO; TONUKARI, NJ; OKANDEJI, OJ & MBANUGO, JJ
Abstract
The search for potential ameliorative substances of Cadmium (Cd) toxicity is ongoing. Thus, this study
was aimed at investigating the effects of Hibiscus Sabdarrifa L. anthocyanins (HSA) on Cd-induced oxidative stress in
wistar rats. Anthocyanins were extracted from H. sabdariffa calyces using standard protocols and were identified with a
Agilent HPLC system (model-LC 1100 series).Thirty wistar rats (185±5.2g) divided into Five (5) groups and were treated
for fifteen days: Group 1: control, Group 2: Cd alone, 3mg/kg b wt, Group 3: HSA alone, 3mg/kg b wt, Group 4: HSA
Pre-Cd - HSA (3g/ kg b wt for ten consecutive days) and Cd (3mg/ kg b wt) for the remaining five days, Group 5: HSA
Post-Cd - Cd (3mg/kg b wt) for the first five consecutive days then HSA (3g/ kg b wt) for the remaining ten days.
Comparison of HPLC chromatogram of anthocyanin extract of H. sabdariffa calyces with published data revealed the
presence of malvidin-3-O-glucoside, delphinidin-3-monoglucoside, cyanidin-3-monoglucoside and petunidin-3-
monoglucoside. Exposure to Cd significantly reduced (p<0.05) GSH levels and glutathione-s-transferase activity but
significantly (P<0.05) increased lipid peroxidation in the plasma and tissues of rats. Cd-exposure also caused a significant
decrease (p<0.05) in tissue SOD and CAT, but pre-treatment and post-treatment with HSA improved tissue SOD, CAT
and GST activitieswith concomitant increase in GSH levels and reduction in tissue lipid peroxidation. This confirms the
antioxidant capacity of H. sabdariffa anthocyanins in ameliorating Cd-induced oxidative stress when administered pre
and post Cd exposure.
Keywords
Lipid Peroxidation; Catalase; Glutathione; antioxidants
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