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Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management
World Bank assisted National Agricultural Research Project (NARP) - University of Port Harcourt
ISSN: 1119-8362
Vol. 22, No. 12, 2018, pp. 1909-1916
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Bioline Code: ja18312
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge
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Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, Vol. 22, No. 12, 2018, pp. 1909-1916
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Effect of Degumming and Catalyst Type on Physiochemical and Biodiesel Properties of Tropical-Almond ( Terminalia catappa ) Seed Oil
SANI, L; AJIBOLA, VO & ABECHI, SE
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of degumming process and catalyst type on physiochemical and
biodiesel properties of tropical-almond (Terminalia catappa) seed oil (TCSO) extracted via mechanical pressing and
solvent extraction method. The oil was degummed using 4% citric acid in amount of 10% by volume of the oil to reduce
the acid value, ash content, and water and sediment value of the degummed oil compared to the raw oil. Data obtained
show that degumming process reduces the acid value, ash content and water and sediment value from 7.57 mg KOH/g,
0.86 %w/w and 2.48% to 3.82 mg KOH/g, 0.65 %w/w and 2.40% respectively, and the percentage oil yield was
56.30±1.50%. Biodiesel was produced using a two-step reaction system from raw and degummed TCSO catalyzed by
NaOH, KOH and CaO/Al2O3. The process yielded a higher yield (97.20±0.35) of biodiesel from degummed oil catalyzed
by CaO/Al2O3. The fuel properties of the biodiesels were found to fulfill both ASTM D6751 and EN14214 biodiesel
standard except the raw biodiesel. this study confirm that degumming process improves the susceptibility of oil for
biodiesel production and that heterogeneous base catalyst produce higher yield and quality fuel than their homogenous
counterpart.
Keywords
Degummed; Transeterification; Biodiesel; Catalyst; Raw oil; unsaturation
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© Copyright 2018 - Sani et al.
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