search
for
 About Bioline  All Journals  Testimonials  Membership  News


Medicina
Croatian Medical Association - Rijeka branch
ISSN: 0025-7729
Vol. 43, No. 1, 2007, pp. 7-14
Bioline Code: me07001
Full paper language: Croatian
Document type: Review Article
Document available free of charge

Medicina, Vol. 43, No. 1, 2007, pp. 7-14

 hr Otpornost Bakterija Na Antibiotike - Vodeći Problem Medicine U 21. Stoljeću
Andrašević, Arjana Tambić


Otpornost bakterija na antibiotike ugrožava ne samo liječenje uobičajenih zaraznih bolesti, već i napredak u mnogim granama medicine. Mnogi invazivni dijagnostički i terapijski postupci razvili su se zahvaljujući mogućnosti profilakse i liječenja infektivnih komplikacija. Stoga se borba protiv otpornosti na antibiotike ubraja u prioritete Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije, te je jedan od zahtjeva Vijeća Europske Unije postavljen svim članicama Unije. Sposobnost prilagodbe bakterija okruženju, velika je. Među bakterijama razvili su se mnogobrojni različiti mehanizmi otpornosti, te nema ni jednog antibiotika na koji se otpornost nije razvila. U najveće kliničke probleme ubrajaju se otpornost pneumokoka na penicilin i makrolide, meticilinska i višestruka otpornost bakterije Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), enterobakterije otporne na III. i IV. generaciju cefalosporina, karbapenem otporni Pseudomonas aeruginosa i Acinetobacter baumanii. Osnova kontrole razvoja i širenja otpornosti jest praćenje postotka otpornosti i potrošnje antibiotika u okruženju, edukacija o racionalnoj primjeni antibiotika kako liječnika tako i bolesnika, te kontrola širenja infekcija u izvanbolničkome (cijepljenje) i bolničkome (kontrola bolničkih infekcija) okruženju. Brza mikrobiološka dijagnostika koja omogućuje ispravno i pravodobno postavljanje dijagnoze, bitna je u racionalizaciji antimikrobne terapije. U Hrvatskoj, otpornost bakterija na antibiotike sustavno se prati od godine 1996., potrošnja antibiotika izražena u definiranim dnevnim dozama na tisuću stanovnika dnevno (DDD/TID) prati se od godine 2001., a godine 2006. pokrenuta je inicijativa vezana uz pisanje nacionalnih smjernica.


Ključne riječi: Otpornost na antibiotike; praćenje otpornosti; kontrola širenja otpornosti

 
 en Antibiotic Resistance - The Leading Medical Problem At The Beginning Of The 21st Century
Andrašević, Arjana Tambić

Abstract

Development of antibiotic resistance jeopardizes not only our ability to treat classical infectious diseases but it also threatens progress in many fields of medicine. Many invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures have developed due to our ability to prevent and treat infective complications with antibiotics. The World Health Organization has, therefore, stated the control of antibiotic resistance to be one of its priorities and the European Union Council has put a request to all the Member states to combat antibiotic resistance. The ability of bacteria to adapt to their environment is huge and many resistance mechanisms have evolved so that there is no antibiotic to which resistance has not emerged. The major clinical problems include: pneumococcal resistance to penicillin and macrolides, mehticillin and multiple resistance in Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), enterobacteriaceae resistant to 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins, carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumanii. Antibiotic resistance control should be based on local antibiotic resistance and antibiotic consumption surveillance, education of physicians and patients on rational antibiotic use and infection control in the community (vaccination) and hospital setting (nosocomial infection control). Rapid microbiological diagnostics contributes to the rational approach to antimicrobial use by enabling accurate and timely diagnosis. In Croatia national antibiotic resistance data are available since 1996, antibiotic consumption data expressed in defined daily doses per thousand inhabitants daily (DDD/TID) since 2001 and in 2006 development of national guidelines on antimicrobial therapy has been initiated.

Keywords
Antibiotic resistance; resistance surveillance; control of the resistance spread

 
© © 2007 - Croatian Medical Association - Rijeka branch
Alternative site location: http://hrcak.srce.hr/medicina

Home Faq Resources Email Bioline
© Bioline International, 1989 - 2024, Site last up-dated on 01-Sep-2022.
Site created and maintained by the Reference Center on Environmental Information, CRIA, Brazil
System hosted by the Google Cloud Platform, GCP, Brazil