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Medicina
Croatian Medical Association - Rijeka branch
ISSN: 0025-7729
Vol. 43, No. 2, 2007, pp. 150-154
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Bioline Code: me07021
Full paper language: Croatian
Document type: Review Article
Document available free of charge
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Medicina, Vol. 43, No. 2, 2007, pp. 150-154
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Hepatitis C U Transfuzijskoj Medicini
Dorić, Anka & Grahovac, Blaženka
Najnovije procjene upućuju na to da se svjetska prevalencija anti-HCV reaktivnosti kreće u široku rasponu, i to od 0,1% u razvijenim zemljama do 13,6% u sjevernoj Africi. U Europi prevalencija se kreće od 0,1% do najviše 4,9% u pojedinim zemljama istočne Europe. Epidemiološka istraživanja predviđaju da je približno 170 milijuna ljudi u svijetu kronično inficirano hepatitis C virusom (HCV). Na osnovi preliminarnih testiranja opće populacije i prema procjenama, Hrvatska je svrstana u zemlje s nižom HCV prevalencijom (1% – 2%), te incidencijom od 0,005%. Kronična infekcija
HCV-om sve je važniji javnozdravstveni problem, poglavito kada se radi o dobrovoljnim davateljima krvi kao mogućim izvorima zaraze. Zadaća je suvremene transfuziologije liječiti bolesnika sigurnim i kvalitetnim krvnim pripravcima, a postojeći ostatni rizik za infekciju krvlju prenosivim bolestima, svesti na najmanju mjeru. U Hrvatskoj sva se darivanja krvi obvezno testiraju na HIV, HCV, HBV i sifilis. Poslijetransfuzijski hepatitis C (PTHC) jest krvlju prenosiva bolest, te je unatoč obveznu anti-HCV testiranju krvi, još uvijek moguća komplikacija transfuzijskoga liječenja u nas i u svijetu. U zemljama zapadne Europe rizik za prijenos HCV-a
krvlju i krvnim pripravcima kreće se u prosjeku od 1:400.000 do 1:800.000. Razloga je tomu više: od nepostojanja simptoma i kliničkih znakova hepatitisa C u davatelja koji se nalazi u fazi inkubacije, nepostojanja idealnoga testa kojim bi se otkrili mnogobrojni podtipovi HCV virusa, te – iako u malomu postotku, postojanje seronegativnih trajnih nositelja virusa koji su doživotni kliconoše.
dobrovoljni davatelji krvi; markeri hepatitisa C; virusni hepatitis C; poslijetransfuzijski hepatitis C
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Hepatitis C In Transfusion Medicine
Dorić, Anka & Grahovac, Blaženka
Abstract
Latest estimates indicate that world prevalence of anti-HCV reactivity spans widely from 0.1% in developed country to 13,6% in north Africa, while in Europe prevalence ranges from 0.1% to 4.9% in some eastern European countries. Epidemiological studies show, around 170 million people in world to be chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Preliminary testing
of general population and according to the estimates, Croatia has classified within countries with HCV prevalence of 1%–2%, and incidence rate of 0.005%. Chronic HCV infection represents increasingly significant public health problem, especially when we take in consideration blood donors as a possible source of infection. Modern transfusion medicine has an assignment
to treat patients with safe and quality blood preparations while minimizing risk of infection with blood transmitted diseases. In Croatia all blood donations are mandatory tested for HIV, HCV, HBV and syphilis. Although posttransfusion hepatitis C (PTHC) is only one of the possible infections transmitted by blood, there is no reason to be more concern than in other countries of Western Europe, where risk of HCV transmission through blood and blood preparations averages
from 1:400.000 to 1:800.000. Despite blood testing PTHC is still possible complication of transfusion treatments in Croatia and worldwide. Reasons for that are absence of symptoms and clinical signs of hepatitis C in incubation period of infected blood donors, absence of ideal test who would detect all cases of infected blood
Keywords
blood donors; hepatitis C markers; hepatitis C virus posttransfusion hepatitis C
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© © 2007 - Croatian Medical Association - Rijeka branch Alternative site location: http://hrcak.srce.hr/medicina
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