Clinical and Audiological Profiles in Children with Chronic Otitis Media with Effusion Requiring Surgical Intervention

To determine the characteristic presenting symptoms, otoscopic findings, audiological profiles and the intraoperative findings of children with chronic otitis media with effusion who required surgical intervention. A prospective cross sectional study was undertaken in the otorhinolaryngology clinic of USM Hospital (HUSM) involving 25 cases (50 ears) of children with chronic otitis media with effusion requiring surgical intervention from June 1999 to September 2001. Their ages ranged from 3 to 12 years old. The gender distribution included males at 72 % and females at 28 %. The presenting symptoms noted were hearing impairment (52%), otalgia (18%), ear block (16%) and tinnitus (14%). The otoscopic findings were fluid in the middle ear (40%), dullness (32%) and retraction of the tympanic membrane (28%). On audiometry, 24 ears had moderate deafness (48%), 16 ears had mild deafness (32%) while 4 ears had severe deafness (8%). With tympanometry, 42 ears out of the total 50 had a flat type B curve (84%) while 6 ears had type As curve (12%). During myringotomy, middle ear secretion was seen in 38 ears (76%) out of the 50 ears; 22 ears had mucoid secretion while 16 ears had serous secretion. Clinically, the commonest presenting symptom was hearing impairment (52%) while the most common otoscopic finding was fluid in the middle ear (40%). Audiologically, most patients had moderate conductive hearing loss (48%) and a type B curve (84%) on tympanometry. On myringotomy middle ear fluid was found in 76 % of the ears.