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Adiponectin, Leptin and Objectively Measured Physical Activity in Adults: A Narrative Review
Nurnazahiah, Ali; Lua, Pei Lin & Shahril, Mohd Razif
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compile and analyse existing scientific evidences
reporting the effects of objectively measured physical activity on the levels of adiponectin and
leptin. Articles related to the effects of objectively measured physical activity on the levels of
adiponectin and leptin were searched from the Medline and PubMed databases. The search was
limited to ‘objectively measured’ physical activity, and studies that did not objectively measure
the physical activity were excluded. Only English articles were included in the search and review.
A total of 18 articles encompassing 2,026 respondents met the inclusion criteria. The eligible
articles included all forms of evidence (e.g., cross-sectional and intervention). Seventeen and 11
studies showed the effects of objectively measured physical activity on adiponectin and leptin,
respectively. Five and four cross-sectional studies showed the effects of objectively measured
physical activity on adiponectin and leptin, respectively. Two out of five studies showed a weak
to moderate positive association between adiponectin and objectively measured physical activity,
while three out of four studies showed a weak to moderate inverse association between leptin and
objectively measured physical activity. For intervention studies, six out of 12 studies involving
adiponectin and five out of seven studies involving leptin showed a significant effect between
the proteins and objectively measured physical activity. However, a definitive conclusion could
not be drawn due to several methodological flaws in the existing articles and the acute lack of
additional research in this area. In conclusion, the existing evidences are encouraging but yet
not compelling. Hence, further well-designed large trials are needed before the effectiveness of
objectively measured physical activity in elevating adiponectin levels and in decreasing leptin
levels could be strongly confirmed.
Keywords
physical activity; adiponectin; leptin; cross-sectional studies; intervention study; adults
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