Current status of 5α-reductase inhibitors in the treatment of benign hyperplasia of prostate

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common problem in aging men, which is associated with lower urinary tract symptoms. This condition is dependent on the presence of androgens for its progression, and medical therapy is the first-line treatment for BPH patients with moderate-to-severe symptoms and includes the use of either alpha 1-adrenergic blockers or 5α-reductase inhibitors. Adrenergic blocking drugs reduce the dynamic component while the 5α-reductase inhibitors reduce the static component of bladder outlet obstruction in BPH. By inhibiting the generation of active form of testosterone, viz., dihydrotestosterone, the 5α-reductase inhibitors not only reduce the symptoms of BPH but also decrease the need for surgery and further progression of BPH. Besides, prolonged use of combination of 5α-reductase inhibitors and alpha 1-adrenergic blockers has been found to be more beneficial than either of the two drugs given alone. This review gives a brief account of rationale and efficacy of treatment by 5α-reductase inhibitors in the management of BPH.

Keywords
5a-reductase inhibitors, androgens, benign prostatic hyperplasia, dutasteride, finasteride, prostate