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African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development
Rural Outreach Program
ISSN: 1684-5358 EISSN: 1684-5358
Vol. 15, No. 1, 2015, pp. 9744-9761
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Bioline Code: nd15009
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge
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African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, Vol. 15, No. 1, 2015, pp. 9744-9761
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THE EFFECTS OF HOUSEHOLD FOOD PRACTICES AND DISEASES PREVALENCE ON NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN IN RUHANGO DISTRICT, RWANDA
Niyibituronsa, M.; Kyallo, F.; Mugo, C. & Gaidashova, S.
Abstract
Malnutrition in the Southern province of Rwanda is a significant public health concern.
According to the Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS) 2010, chronic
malnutrition in children under 5 years was widespread 44% children having stunting
(insufficient height for age), 11 % underweight (weight for age) and 3% wasting
(weight for height). Ruhango district (Southern Rwanda) had the highest malnutrition
prevalence (23.5%) in 2009. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of
malnutrition among Ruhango children in 2012 and to identify relationship between comorbidities
occurrence, food intake and their nutrition status. A multistage sampling
was done across four hierarchical levels: district, sector, cell and village, where
households (N=294) with children under five years were purposively selected to form
the sampling units in which the survey was conducted. The study showed that Ruhango
has improved in prevention of malnutrition as compared to 2010 study. However,
stunting was still a problem with those aged between 24 and 35 months being most
affected. Wasting did not affect large population of the target group. Better educated
household members had less malnourished kids (3%) than those who did not attend
school (12%). Co-morbidities occurrence was significantly higher in malnourished
children (P = 0.006). Acute Respiratory Tract Infection had the highest occurrence
(52%). The children reported to have been sick had significantly lower weight than
those who were normal (P<0.05). Food intake (mean dietary diversity of 25%) was not
adequate for most households and only few people took protein of high quality like
meat and milk. Household food practices were tested at 95% confidence interval and
this affected the nutrition status of children (P = 0.02). In households with mean dietary
diversity above four food groups, only 2.17 % of children were underweight as
compared to 18.18% those from households with mean dietary diversity below three.
Thus, interventions to eliminate malnutrition should focus on household food
diversification and disease prevention.
Keywords
Prevalence; malnutrition; diseases; 24hr recall
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