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Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences
Physiological Society of Nigeria
ISSN: 0794-859X
Vol. 31, No. 2, 2016, pp. 115-119
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Bioline Code: np16016
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge
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Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences, Vol. 31, No. 2, 2016, pp. 115-119
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Antiseizure Effects of Ketogenic Diet on Seizures Induced with Pentylenetetrazole, 4-Aminopyridine and Strychnine in Wistar Rats
Sanya, E.O.; Soladoye, A. O.; Desalu, O.O; Kolo, P. M.; Olatunji, L. A. & Olarinoye, J. K.
Abstract
Summary: The ketogenic diet (KD) is a cheap and effective alternative therapy for most epilepsy. There are paucity of
experimental data in Nigeria on the usefulness of KD in epilepsy models. This is likely to be responsible for the poor clinical
acceptability of the diet in the country. This study therefore aimed at providing experimental data on usefulness of KD on
seizure models. The study used 64 Wistar rats that were divided into two dietary groups [normal diet (ND) and ketogenic
diet (KD)]. Animal in each group were fed for 35days. Medium chain triglyceride ketogenic diet (MCT-KD) was used and
it consisted of 15% carbohydrate in normal rat chow long with 5ml sunflower oil (25% (v/w). The normal diet was the usual
rat chow. Seizures were induced with one of Pentelyntetrazole (PTZ), 4-Aminopyridine (AP) and Strychnine (STR). Fasting
glucose, ketosis level and serum chemistry were determined and seizure parameters recorded. Serum ketosis was
significantly higher in MCT-KD-fed rats (12.7 ±2.6) than ND-fed (5.17±0.86) rats [p=0.003]. Fasting blood glucose was
higher in ND-fed rats (5.3±0.9mMol/l) than in MCT-KD fed rats (5.1±0.5mMol/l) with p=0.9. Seizure latency was
significantly prolonged in ND-fed compared with MCT-KD fed rats after PTZ-induced seizures (61±9sec vs 570±34sec) and
AP-induced seizures (49±11sec vs 483±41sec) p<0.05. The difference after Str-induced seizure (51±7 vs 62±8 sec) was not
significant (p>0.05). The differences in seizure duration between ND-fed and MCT-KD fed rats with PTZ (4296±77sec vs
366±46sec) and with AP (5238±102sec vs 480±67sec) were significant (p<0.05), but not with STR (3841±94sec vs
3510±89sec) [p>0.05] respectively. The mean serum Na+ was significantly higher in MCT-KD fed (141.7±2.1mMol/l) than
ND-fed rats (137±2.3mMol/l) with p<0.05. There was no significant difference in mean values of other serum electrolytes
between the MCT-KD fed and ND-fed animals. MCT-KD caused increase resistance to PTZ-and AP-induced seizures, but
has no effect on STR-induced seizures. This antiseizure property is probably mediated through GABAergic receptors (PTZ
effect) and blockade of membrane bound KATP channels (AP effect) with some enhancement by serum ketosis.
Keywords
Ketogenic diet; Antiseizure; Pentylenetetrazole; Amino-Pyridine; Strychnine
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© Copyright 2016 - Physiological Society of Nigeria
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