The aim of this work is to present aspects related to the ecology of
Rhodnius nasutus
Stål, 1859 in palms from Chapada do Araripe in Ceará, Brazil. The following five species of palms were investigated: babaçu (
Attalea speciosa
), buriti (
Mauritia flexuosa
), carnaúba (
Copernicia prunifera
), catolé (
Syagrus oleracea
) and macaúba-barriguda (
Acrocomia intumescens
). Fifth palms were dissected (10 specimens for each species). The overall infestation index was 86%, with a total of 521 triatomines collected. The
Trypanosoma cruzi
Chagas, 1909 Index was 16.8% and two insects presented mixed infection with
Trypanosoma rangeli
Tejera, 1920. A precipitin test showed that
R. nasutus from palms of Chapada do Araripe are associated with opossum and bird although other possible bloodmeals were observed. Our results showing a high index of infestation of the palms as well as
T. cruzi infection, the association of
R. nasutus with the most diverse species of palms and proximity of these palms to houses demonstrate the importance of this area for sylvatic
T. cruzi transmission and suggest the need for epidemiological surveillance in the region of the Chapada do Araripe.
