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Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz
ISSN: 1678-8060 EISSN: 1678-8060
Vol. 105, No. 1, 2010, pp. 86-91
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Bioline Code: oc10013
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge
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Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Vol. 105, No. 1, 2010, pp. 86-91
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Comparative evaluation of phenol and thimerosal as preservatives for a candidate vaccine against American cutaneous leishmaniasis
Mayrink, Wilson; Tavares, Carlos Alberto Pereira; de Deus, Rosangela Barbosa; Pinheiro, Melina Barros; Guimarães, Tânia Mara Pinto Dabés; de Andrade, Hélida Monteiro; da Costa, Carlos Alberto & de Toledo, Vicente de Paulo Coelho Peixoto
Abstract
For decades thimerosal has been used as a preservative in the candidate vaccine for cutaneous leishmaniasis,
which was developed by Mayrink et al. The use of thimerosal in humans has been banned due to its mercury content.
This study addresses the standardization of phenol as a new candidate vaccine preservative. We have found that the
proteolytic activity was abolished when the test was conducted using the candidate vaccine added to merthiolate
(MtVac) as well as to phenol (PhVac). The Montenegro’s skin test conversion rates induced by MtVac and by PhVac
was 68.06% and 85.9%, respectively, and these values were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The proliferative
response of peripheral mononuclear blood cells shows that the stimulation index of mice immunized with both candidate
vaccines was higher than the one in control animals (p < 0.05). The ability of the candidate vaccines to induce
protection in C57BL/10 mice against a challenge with infective Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes was tested
and the mice immunized with PhVac developed smaller lesions than the mice immunized with MtVac. Electrophoresis
of phenol-preserved antigen revealed a number of proteins, which were better preserved in PhVac. These results
do in fact encourage the use of phenol for preserving the immunogenic and biochemical properties of the candidate
vaccine for cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Keywords
leishmaniasis - candidate vaccine - phenol - merthiolate
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