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Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz
ISSN: 1678-8060
EISSN: 1678-8060
Vol. 108, No. 4, 2013, pp. 438-445
Bioline Code: oc13075
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Vol. 108, No. 4, 2013, pp. 438-445

 en Ionic imbalance and lack of effect of adjuvant treatment with methylene blue in the hamster model of leptospirosis
Santos, Cleiton Silva; de Azevedo, Everton Cruz; Soares, Luciane Marieta; Carvalho, Magda Oliveira Seixas; dos Santos, Andréia Carvalho; Júnior, Adenizar Delgado das Chagas; da Silva, Caroline Luane Rabelo; Chagas, Ursula Maira Russo; dos Reis, Mitermayer Galvão & Athanazio, Daniel Abensur

Abstract

Leptospirosis in humans usually involves hypokalaemia and hypomagnesaemia and the putative mechanism underlying such ionic imbalances may be related to nitric oxide (NO) production. We previously demonstrated the correlation between serum levels of NO and the severity of renal disease in patients with severe leptospirosis. Methylene blue inhibits soluble guanylyl cyclase (downstream of the action of any NO synthase isoforms) and was recently reported to have beneficial effects on clinical and experimental sepsis. We investigated the occurrence of serum ionic changes in experimental leptospirosis at various time points (4, 8, 16 and 28 days) in a hamster model. We also determined the effect of methylene blue treatment when administered as an adjuvant therapy, combined with late initiation of standard antibiotic (ampicillin) treatment. Hypokalaemia was not reproduced in this model: all of the groups developed increased levels of serum potassium (K). Furthermore, hypermagnesaemia, rather than magnesium (Mg) depletion, was observed in this hamster model of acute infection. These findings may be associated with an accelerated progression to acute renal failure. Adjuvant treatment with methylene blue had no effect on survival or serum Mg and K levels during acute-phase leptospirosis in hamsters.

Keywords
leptospirosis; methylene blue; models; animal

 
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