| en |
Tissue distribution of residual antimony in rats treated with multiple doses of meglumine antimoniate
Coelho, Deise Riba; Miranda, Elaine Silva; Saint’Pierre, Tatiana Dillenburg & Paumgartten, Francisco José Roma
Abstract
Meglumine antimoniate (MA) and sodium stibogluconate are pentavalent antimony (SbV) drugs used since the
mid-1940s. Notwithstanding the fact that they are first-choice drugs for the treatment of leishmaniases, there are
gaps in our knowledge of their toxicological profile, mode of action and kinetics. Little is known about the distribution
of antimony in tissues after SbV administration. In this study, we evaluated the Sb content of tissues from male
rats 24 h and three weeks after a 21-day course of treatment with MA (300 mg SbV/kg body wt/d, subcutaneous). Sb
concentrations in the blood and organs were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. In rats,
as with in humans, the Sb blood levels after MA dosing can be described by a two-compartment model with a fast (t1/2
= 0.6 h) and a slow (t1/2 >> 24 h) elimination phase. The spleen was the organ that accumulated the highest amount
of Sb, while bone and thyroid ranked second in descending order of tissues according to Sb levels (spleen >> bone,
thyroid, kidneys > liver, epididymis, lungs, adrenals > prostate > thymus, pancreas, heart, small intestines > skeletal
muscle, testes, stomach > brain). The pathophysiological consequences of Sb accumulation in the thyroid and
Sb speciation in the liver, thyroid, spleen and bone warrant further studies.
Keywords
pentavalent antimonials; thyroid; liver; leishmaniases; Glucantime; pharmacokinetics
|
