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Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz
ISSN: 1678-8060
EISSN: 1678-8060
Vol. 91, No. 6, 1996
Bioline Code: oc96142
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Vol. 91, No. 6, 1996

 en Characterization and Biological Activity of a Brazilian Isolate of Bacillus sphaericus (Neide) Highly Toxic to Mosquito Larvae
Paulo De Tarso Ribeiro Vilarinhos; James & Maruniak, Donald W Hall

Abstract

Primary powders of Bacillus sphaericus strain S2
isolated from soil samples in Brazil, and strain 2362 were
produced in a 14 liter fermentor.  Growth patterns and
sporulation observed in three trials with strains S2 and 2362
in the fermentor were similar.  Second-instar larvae of
Culex quinquefasciatus, Anopheles albimanus, Anopheles
quadrimaculatus, and Aedes aegypti exposed for 48 hr
to strain S2  responded with LC50 values of 0.25, 5.95, 12.28
and 140.0 ppb of lyophilized primary powder, respectively. 
Under the same conditions, strain 2362 resulted in LC50 values
of 0.39, 7.16, 16.93 and 307.0 ppb of lyophilized primary
powder, respectively, in those mosquito larvae.  Statistical
analysis of the bioassay data did not show significant
differences among LC50 values observed in B. sphaericus
strains S2 and 2362, at the 0.05 level. 

Toxins of strains S2 and 2362 were extracted at pH 12 with NaOH. Electrophoresis of the extracts in polyacrylamide gel under denaturing conditions revealed the 51 and 42 kDa toxins in both S2 and 2362 B. sphaericus strains. The presence of the 42 kDa peptide in the extracts was confirmed by Western blot and Elisa, with anti-42 kDa IgG previously prepared from strain 2362.

Keywords
Bacillus sphaericus - mosquitoes - biological control - larvicide

 
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