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Immunological System And Schistosoma Mansoni: Co-evolutionary Immunobiology. What Is The Eosinophil Role In Parasite-Host Relationship?
Lenzi, Henrique L.; Pacheco, Ronaldo G.; Pelajo-Machado, Marcelo; Panasco, Monica S.; Romanha, Waldemiro S. & Lenzi, Jane A.
Abstract
Schistosomes, ancestors and recent species, have pervaded many hosts and
several phylogenetic levels of immunity, causing an evolutionary pressure
to eosinophil lineage expression and response. Schistosoma mansoni
adult worms have capitalized on the apparent adversity of living within the
mesenteric veins, using the dispersion of eggs and antigens to other
tissues besides intestines to set a systemic activation of several
haematopoietic lineages, specially eosinophils and monocytes/macrophages.
This activation occurs in bone marrow, spleen, liver, lymph nodes, omental
and mesenteric milky spots (activation of the old or primordial and recent
or new lymphomyeloid tissue), increasing and making easy the migration of
eosinophils, monocytes and other cells to the intestinal periovular
granulomas. The exudative perigranulomatous stage of the periovular
reaction, which present hystolitic characteristics, is then exploited by
the parasites, to release the eggs into the intestinal lumen. The authors
hypothesize here that eosinophils, which have a long phylogenic story,
could participate in the parasite - host co-evolution, specially with
S. mansoni, operating together with monocytes/ macrophages, upon
parasite transmission.
Keywords
eosinophils - phylogeny - Schistosoma mansoni - egg release - granuloma - co-evolution
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