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Masticatory performance with different types of rehabilitation of the edentulous mandible
Neves, Flávio Domingues; Mendes, Francielle Alves; Borges, Tânia de Freitas; Mendonça, Daniela Baccelli Silveira; Prado, Marisa Martins da Silva & Zancopé, Karla
Abstract
Aim: To compare the masticatory performance associated with different rehabilitation strategies
for patients with edentulous mandibles. Methods: one portion of the test food “Optocal” was
provided to groups: Natural Dentition (n = 15), Mandibular Fixed Implant-Supported Prosthesis
with Maxillary Fixed Prosthesis (n = 8), Mandibular Fixed Implant-Supported Prosthesis with
Maxillary Removable Prosthesis (n = 14), Mandibular Implant-Retained Overdenture with
Maxillary Removable Prosthesis (n = 16), and Complete Dentures (n = 16). The portion was
collected after 40 chewing strokes, and then passed through a stack of eight sieves with decreasing
apertures. Masticatory performance was determined by weighing the portion of food on each
sieve. Results: the masticatory performance was: 71.00% for Natural Dentition, 41.57% for
Mandibular Fixed Implant-Supported Prosthesis with Maxillary Fixed Prosthesis, 31.44% for
Mandibular Fixed Implant-Supported Prosthesis with Maxillary Removable Prosthesis, 27.70%
for Mandibular Implant-retained Overdenture, and 14.33% for Complete Dentures. The data
were statistically compared using Student’s t-test (p < 0.05). Natural Dentition and Complete
Denture groups were statistically different from all other groups, with the Natural Dentition and
Complete Denture groups exhibiting the highest and lowest masticatory performance values,
respectively. Conclusions: Osseointegrated implants improved the masticatory performance
of all implant-supported groups compared to the Complete Dentures group.
Keywords
mastication; prostheses and implants; dental implants; dental prosthesis retention
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